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Oh geez, look what you've done. Now you have to memorize a 67 page list of words. Better get to printing, geek! Don't say we never gave you something from nothing.
abase  lower; degrade; humiliate; make humble; make (oneself) lose self-respect 
abash  embarrass 
abate  subside or moderate 
abbreviate  shorten 
abdicate  renounce; give up (position, right, or responsibility) 
aberrant  abnormal or deviant 
aberration  deviation from the normal; mental disorder 
abet  assist usually in doing something wrong; encourage 
abeyance  suspended action 
abhor  detest; hate 
abide  dwell; abide by: comply with; put up with; tolerate; Ex. abide by the rules; Ex. I can't abide rude people. 
abject  (of a condition) wretched; as low as possible; lacking pride; very humble; showing lack of self-respect; Ex. abject apology 
abjure  renounce upon oath 
ablution  washing 
abnegation  renunciation; self-sacrifice; self-abnegation 
abode  dwelling place; home 
abolish  cancel; put an end to 
abominable  detestable; extremely unpleasant 
abominate  loathe; hate 
aboriginal  being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native; indigenous; N. aborigine 
abortive  unsuccessful; fruitless 
abrasive  rubbing away; tending to grind down 
abridge  condense or shorten 
abrogate  abolish 
abscission  cutting off; separation 
abscond  depart secretly and hide 
absolute  complete; totally unlimited; having complete power; certain; not relative; Ex. absolute honesty/ruler; CF. absolutism 
absolve  pardon (an offense) 
abstain  refrain; withhold from participation; intentionally not use one's vote; 
abstemious  sparing in eating and drinking; temperate 
abstinence  restraint from pleasant things, esp. eating or drinking; CF. abstention: act of abstaining from vote 
abstract  theoretical; not concrete; nonrepresentational 
abstruse  obscure; profound; difficult to understand 
abusive  coarsely insulting; physically harmful 
abut  border upon; adjoin 
abysmal  bottomless 
abyss  enormous chasm; vast bottomless pit 
academic  related to a school; not practical or directly useful 
accede  agree 
accelerate  move faster 
accessible  easy to approach; obtainable 
accessory  additional object; useful but not essential thing 
acclaim  applaud; praise; greet with great approval; announce with great approval; Ex. The new drung has been acclaimed as the most important discoveries for years; N: strong expression of approval and praise 
acclimate  adjust to climate or environment; adapt 
acclivity  sharp upslope of a hill; OP. declivity 
accolade  award of merit; strong praise and approval 
accommodate  oblige or help someone; adjust or bring into harmony; adapt; make enough space for; ADJ. accommodative; CF. accomodating: helpful and obliging 
accomplice  partner in crime 
accord  agreement 
accost  approach and speak first to a person 
accoutre  equip; N. accoutrement 
accretion  growth or increase in size by gradual addition; growth; increase; increase by natural growth; Ex. towers and other accretions of the castle; V. accrete 
accrue  come to one as a gain; accumulate over time; come about by addition; Ex. benefits that accrue from scientific research; Ex. interest accruing in a bank account; N. accrual 
acerbity  bitterness of speech and temper; ADJ. acerbic: bitter; acrid (in taste, manner, or tone) 
acetic  vinegary 
acidulous  slightly sour (in taste or manner); sharp; caustic 
acknowledge  recognize; admit 
acme  peak; pinnacle; highest point 
acne  skin disease (on the face) 
acoustics  science of sound; quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in 
acquiesce  assent; agree passively; comply without protest 
acquittal  deliverance from a charge; V. acquit: free from a charge or accusation; discharge from a duty; conduct (oneself) in a specified manner 
acrid  bitter (to the taste or smell); sharp; bitterly pungent 
acrimonious  stinging; caustic; bitter in words or manner; N. acrimony: bitter ill-natured animosity in speech or behavior 
acrophobia  fear of heights 
actuarial  calculating; pertaining to insurance statistics 
actuary  someone who advises insurance companies 
actuate  motivate; activate; cause to act 
acuity  sharpness (of mind or senses of sight or hearing) 
acumen  mental keenness; sharpness of judgment; ability to judge quickly and well; Ex. business acumen 
acute  (of the senses) sharp; quickly perceptive; keen; penetrating; brief and severe; Ex. acute sense of smell/analysis/pain 
adage  wise saying; proverb 
adamant  hard; inflexible 
adapt  make or become suitable for a specific use; alter; modify; adjust; N. adaptation: act of adapting; composition recast into a new form; Ex. The play is an adaption of a short novel. 
addendum  addition; appendix to book; something that is added (as at the end of a speech or book) 
addiction  compulsive habitual need 
addle  make or become confused; muddle; drive crazy; become rotten (egg) 
address  direct a speech to; speak to; deal with or discuss; direct one's efforts or attention to; make with a destination; N: formal speech 
adept  expert at; very skilled 
adhere  stick fast; be a devotd follower; N. adhesion: adhering; devotion; loyality 
adherent  supporter; follower 
adjacent  adjoining; neighboring; close by 
adjoin  be next to 
adjourn  suspend until a later time; move from one place to another 
adjunct  something attached to but holding an inferior position 
adjuration  solemn urging; V. adjure: entreat earnestly; enjoin solemnly 
adjutant  staff officer assisting the commander; assistant 
admonish  warn or speak to with gentle disapproval; reprove 
adore  love deeply and respect highly 
adorn  decorate 
adroit  skillful (in using mind or hand) 
adulation  flattery; admiration that is more than is necessary or deserved 
adulterate  make impure or of poorer quality by adding inferior or tainted(contaminated) substances 
Advent  arrival 
adventitious  accidental; casual; happening by chance 
adversary  opponent; enemy 
adverse  going against; opposing; unfavorable; hostile 
adversity  great hardship or affliction; misfortune; calamitous event 
advert  refer 
advocacy  support; active pleading on behalf of someone or something 
advocate  speak in favor of; support (an idea or plan); urge; plead for 
aegis  shield; protection; defense 
aerie(aery,eyrie,eyry) nest of a large bird of prey 
aesthetic  artistic; dealing with or capable of appreciating the beautiful (of a person or building); CF. aesthete; CF. aesthetics 
affable  easily approachable; easy to talk to; warmly friendly 
affected  artificial; pretended 
affidavit  written statement made under oath (for use as proof in a court of law) 
affiliation  joining; associating with 
affinity  feeling of kinship; similarity; Ex. strong affinity for her; Ex. many affinities between two languages 
affirmation  positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath; V. affirm; ADJ. affirmative; CF. affirmative action: positive discrimination 
affliction  state of distress; trial; cause of distress or suffering; V. afflict: inflict grievous suffering on 
affluence  abundance; wealth 
affront  insult; offense; intentional act of disrespect; V: insult or hurt the feelings of intentionally 
afterlife  life after death; later part of one's life 
agape  openmouthed 
agenda  items of business at a meeting 
agglomeration  collection; heap; V. agglomerate: gather into a rounded mass; N. aggolmeate: jumbled mass; heap 
aggrandize  make greater; increase in power, wealth, rank, or honor; N. aggrandizement 
aggregate  sum; total; ADJ. V: gather into a mass or whole; accumulate; add up to; Ex. aggregate 100 dollars 
aghast  filled with great surprise or fear; horrified 
agility  nimbleness; ability to move quickly 
agitate  stir up; disturb 
agnostic  one who is skeptical of the existence or knowability of a god or any ultimate reality 
agog  highly excited; intensely curious 
agrarian  pertaining to land or its cultivation; Ex. agrarian reform 
airy  of air; high in the air; lofty; immaterial; unreal 
alacrity  cheerful promptness without reluctance 
alchemy  medieval chemistry 
alcove  nook; recess 
alias  an assumed name esp. by a criminal (usually to mislead people); ADV. alias 
alienate  make unfriendly or hostile; estrange; separate; change the ownership of 
alimentary  supplying nourishment 
alimony  payments made regularly to an ex-spouse after divorce 
allay  calm; pacify 
allege  state without proof 
allegiance  loyalty 
allegory  story, play, or picture in which characters are used as symbols; fable 
alleviate  relieve (pain) 
alliteration  repetition of beginning sound in poetry 
allocate  assign; set apart for a particular purpose 
alloy  mixture as of metals; something added that lowers in value or purity; V: mix; make less pure; lower in value or quality; spoil; CF. unalloyed: not in mixture with other maetals; pure; complete; unqualified; Ex. unalloyed happiness 
allude  refer indirectly; N. allusion: indirect reference 
allure  entice; attract; tempt 
alluvial  pertaining to soil deposits left by running water 
alms  money or goods given to the poor 
aloft  upward; high up in the air 
aloof  apart; not open in one's relationship with other people; reserved; ADV. 
altercation  noisy quarrel 
altruistic  unselfishly generous; concerned for others; N. altiruism: unselfish concern for the welfare of others; unselfishness; OP. egoism 
amalgam  combination of different things; mixture of metals (containing mercury) used for filling holes in teeth 
amalgamate  (of societies or groups) combine; unite in one body 
amass  collect (gradually, in a very large amount) 
amazon  female warrior 
ambidextrous  capable of using either hand with equal ease 
ambience  environment; atmosphere; Ex. restraurant with a pleasant ambience; ADJ. ambient: completely surrounding; Ex. ambient temperature 
ambiguous  unclear or doubtful in meaning; having more than one possible interpretation 
ambivalence  the state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes or opinions 
amble  walking at an easy unhurried pace; V: walk slowly and aimlessly 
ambrosia  food of the gods 
ambulatory  able to walk 
ambush  act of lying in wait to attack by surprise; sudden attack made from a concealed position; Ex. lie in ambush; V. 
ameliorate  improve 
amenable  obedient; compliant; readily managed; responsive; willing to be led; answerable or accountable legally; responsible; able to be tested by; Ex. amenable to sensible suggestions; Ex. He is very amenable; Ex. amenable to the usual tests 
amend  correct; change ; generally for the better 
amenities  convenient features that helps to make life pleasant; social courtesies 
amiable  agreeable; lovable; warmly friendly 
amicable  peaceful; politely friendly; not quarrelsome; Ex. amicable settlement 
amiss  wrong; faulty; Ex. something amiss; ADV. 
amity  friendship; peaceful relationship as between nations 
amnesia  loss of memory 
amnesty  pardon (allowed by government to political criminals) 
amok(amuck)  in a state of rage; Ex. run amok 
amoral  nonmoral; having no understanding of right and wrong 
amorous  moved by sexual love; loving; of sexual love; Ex. amorous advances 
amorphous  formless; lacking shape or definition 
amphibian  able to live both on land and in water; N. 
amphitheater  oval building with tiers of seats; CF. arena 
ample  enough; abundant; spacious; large in size; Ex. ample opportunity/garden; N. amplitude: quality of being ample; abundance; largeness of space 
amplify  increase in size or effect; expand; broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make stronger; Ex. amplify one's remarks with a graph 
amputate  cut off part of body; prune (a limb) 
amulet  charm; talisman; an object worn believed to protect against evil, bad luck 
anachronism  an error involving time in a story; something or someone misplaced in time; ADJ. anachronistic 
analgesia  condition of being unable to feel pain 
analgesic  causing insensitivity to pain; N. 
analogous  comparable; similar 
analogy  similarity; parallelism; comparing two similar things 
anarchist  person who seeks to overturn the established government; advocate of abolishing authority 
anarchy  absence of governing body; state of disorder 
anathema  solemn curse; someone or something regarded as a curse; V. anathematize 
ancestry  family descent; ADJ. ancestral 
anchor  secure or fasten firmly; be fixed in place; N. anchorage 
ancillary  serving as an aid or accessory; auxiliary; N. 
anecdote  short story of an amusing or interesting event 
anemia  condition in which blood lacks red corpuscles; ADJ. anemic 
anesthetic  substance that removes sensation with or without loss of consciousness; N. anesthesia 
anguish  acute pain; extreme suffering 
angular  sharp-cornered; having an angle; not rounded (body); bony; lean; gaunt; stiff in manner 
animadversion  critical remark; V. animadvert: comment critically with disapproval 
animated  lively; spirited 
animosity  active enmity 
animus  hostile feeling or intent; animosity; hostility; disposition 
annals  records arranged in yearly parts; history 
anneal  reduce brittleness and improve toughness by heating and cooling (metal or glass) 
annex  attach; add to a large thing; take possession of; incorporate (territory) into a larger existing political unit (by force); N: building added to a large one 
annihilate  destroy 
annotate  comment; make explanatory notes 
annuity  yearly allowance 
annul  make void 
anodyne  drug that relieves pain or trouble;opiate; ADJ. Ex. anodyne statement 
anoint  consecrate; put oil on (in a religious ceremony) 
anomalous  abnormal; irregular 
anomaly  irregularity 
anonymity  state of being nameless; anonymousness; ADJ. anonymous 
antagonism  hostility; active opposition; V. antagonize: cause to become an enemy; N. antagonist: person who is opposed to another; opponent; adversary; principal character in oppostion to the protagonist 
antecede  precede 
antecedents  preceding events that influence what comes later; ancestors or early background 
antediluvian  antiquated; extremely ancient 
anthem  song of praise or patriotism; Ex. national anthem 
anthology  book of literary selections by various authors; CF. omnibus 
anthropoid  manlike; resembling a human being; N. 
anthropologist  student of the history and science of humankind 
anthropomorphic  having human form or characteristics 
anticlimax  letdown in thought or emotion; something unexciting, ordinary, or disappointing coming after something important or exciting 
antidote  remedy to counteract a poison or disease; Ex. antidote to the economic troubles 
antipathy  aversion; dislike or opposition 
antiquated  obsolete; old-fashioned; outdated 
antique  made in an earlier period and usu. valuable; N: object that was made in an earlier period and that is rare or valuable 
antiquity  quality of being very old; ancient times; 
antiseptic  substance that prevents infection in a wound; ADJ. 
antithesis  contrast; direct opposite of or to; ADJ. antithetic or antithetical 
antler  bony growth on the head of a deer 
anvil  iron block used in hammering out metals 
apathy  lack of caring; indifference; lack of concern or interest in important matters; Ex. He was sunk in apathy after his failure; ADJ. apathetic 
ape  imitate or mimic (a person's behavior or manner) 
aperture  opening; hole; adjustable opening in a camera that limits the amount of light 
apex  tip; summit; climax; highest point 
aphasia  loss of speech due to injury or illness 
aphorism  pithy maxim or saying; ADJ. aphoristic 
apiarist  person who keeps bees 
apiary  a place where bees are kept 
apiculture  bee-keeping 
aplomb  poise; composure in difficult situations; assurance; self-confidence 
apocalyptic  prophetic; pertaining to revelations especially of disaster; N. apocalypse 
apocryphal  (of a story) widely believed but untrue 
apogee  highest point; the point farthest from the earth; OP. perigee 
apolitical  having an aversion or lack of concern for political affairs 
apologist  one who writes in defense of a cause or institution; N. apologia 
apoplexy  stroke; loss of consciousness caused by too much blood in the brain 
apostate  one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs; N. apostasy 
apothecary  druggist; pharmacist 
apothegm(apophthegm) pithy, compact saying 
apotheosis  elevation to godhood; an ideal example of something 
appall  dismay; shock deeply 
apparent  evident; easily seen or understood; appearing as such; Ex. apparent improvement 
apparition  ghost; phantom 
appease  pacify or soothe; Ex. appease a crying baby; N. appeasement 
appellation  name; title 
append  attach 
application  diligent attention; diligence; V. apply oneself 
apposite  appropriate; fitting 
appraise  estimate value of; N. appraisal 
appreciate  be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of; ADJ. appreciable: enough to be felt; Ex. appreciable difference 
apprehend  arrest (a criminal); dread; perceive; N. apprehension 
apprehensive  fearful; discerning 
apprise  inform 
approbation  approval 
appropriate  acquire; take possession of for one's own use without permission; set aside for a particular purpose; allocate; CF. misappropriate 
appurtenances  subordinate possessions; something added to a more important thing 
apropos  with reference to; regarding; Ex. remarks apropos (of) the present situation; ADJ. ADV. 
aptitude  fitness; talent 
aquiline  curved; hooked; of or like an eagle; Ex. aquiline nose 
arable  fit for growing crops; Ex. arable land 
arbiter  person with power to decide a matter in dispute; judge who is in a position ot make influential judgments; Ex. supreme arbiter of fashion in beachware 
arbitrary  unreasonable or capricious; random; tyrannical; Ex. arbitrary ruler 
arbitrate  act as judge (at the request of both sides) 
arboreal  of or living in trees 
arboretum  place where different trees and shrubs are studied and exhibited 
arcade  a covered passageway usually lined with shops 
arcane  esoteric; secret; mysterious; known only to the initiated; Ex. arcane ritual; Ex. arcane process closed to the uninitiated listener 
arch-  chief; first; Ex. archbishop 
archaeology  study of artifacts and relics of early mankind 
archaic  antiquated; no longer used; belonging to the past; N. 
archetype  prototype; primitive pattern 
archipelago  group of closely located islands 
archives  public records; place where public records are kept 
ardor  heat; passion; zeal; ADJ. ardent 
arduous  hard; strenuous; Ex. arduous work 
argot  slang; speech spoken by only a small group of people 
aria  operatic solo; a song sung by one person in an opera or oratorio 
arid  (of land) dry; barren; unproductive 
aristocracy  hereditary nobility; privileged class; government by nobility; N. aristocrat 
armada  fleet of warships 
aromatic  fragrant; having a sweet smell; N. aroma: strong pleasant smell 
arraign  charge in court; indict 
array  marshal; draw up in order; arrange in order; clothe splendidly; adorn; N: fine clothes; ordered group; Ex. in battle array 
arrears  being in debt; money that should have been paid; work that should have been done 
arrhythmic  lacking rhythm or regularity; N. arrhythmia 
arrogance  pride; haughtiness; ADJ. arrogant: unpleasantly self-important (with a strong confidence in one's own importance and a lack of respect for other people) 
arroyo  gully; narrow channel formed by rainwater 
arsenal  storage place for military equipment 
artery  blood-vessel; CF. vein 
artful  exhibiting art or skill; deceitful; cunning; CF. artifice 
articulate  effective; distinct; expressing ideas clearly; having clear sounds; having joints; Ex. articulate speech; V: express thoughts and feeling clearly; pronounce clearly; unite by joints 
artifacts  object made by human beings, either hand-made or mass-produced 
artifice  deception; trickery 
artisan  a manually skilled worker 
artless  without guile; open and honest 
ascendancy  controlling influence; position of controlling influence; CF. in the ascendant 
ascertain  find out for certain; make certain 
ascetic  practicing self-denial; avoiding physical pleasures and comforts; austere; Ex. ascetic life of Buddhist monks; N. asceticism 
ascribe  refer; attribute; assign 
aseptic  preventing infection; having a cleansing effect 
ashen  ash-colored; deadly pale 
asinine  stupid; Ex. asinine remarks 
askance  with a sideways or indirect look (with disapproval or distruct); Ex. look askance at 
askew  crookedly; slanted; at an angle 
asperity  sharpness; roughness; severity (of temper or weather); Ex. asperities of a Russian winter 
aspersion  slanderous remark; Ex. cast aspersions on 
aspirant  seeker after position or status 
aspire  seek to attain (position or status); long for; Ex. aspire to become president; Ex. aspire to/after the leadership 
assail  assault 
assay  analyze (to discover what materials are present); evaluate (soil or ore) 
assent  agree; accept; N. assessment 
assert  state strongly or positively; demand recognition of (rights, claims, etc.); make a claim to (by forceful action); Ex. assert one's independence 
assiduous  diligent 
assimilate  absorb; take (food) into the body and digest it; understand (knowledge) completely and be able to use properly; cause to become homogeneous (the people of a country or race in the wasy of behaving or thinking) 
assuage  mak less severe; ease or lessen (pain); satisfy (hunger); soothe (anger) 
assumption  something taken for granted; the taking over or taking possession of; Ex. her assumption of power; V. assume 
assurance  firm statement that something is certainly true; promise or pledge; certainty; confidence in one's own ability; self-confidence; Ex. In spite of all his assurances, he did not come back; Ex. assurance of his loyalty; Ex. The teacher lacked assuranc 
asteroid  small planet 
astigmatism  eye defect which prevents proper focus; OP. stigmatism 
astral  relating to the stars 
astringent  binding; causing contraction (stopping bleeding); harsh or severe; stringent; Ex. astringent criticism 
astronomical  enormously large or extensive 
astute  wise; shrewd; keen; seeing quickly something that is to one's advantage 
asunder  into parts; apart; V. sunder 
asylum  place of refuge or shelter; protection (religious or political) 
asymmetric  not identical on both sides of a dividing central line 
atavism  resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; reversion to an earlier type; throwback; ADJ. atavistic 
atheistic  denying the existence of God; N. atheism 
atone  make amends for; pay for; Ex. atone for 
atrocity  brutal deed; ADJ. atrocious 
atrophy  wasting away; V: weaken and lose flesh and muscle (through lack of blood or lack of use) 
attentive  alert and watchful; listening carefully; paying attention; considerate; thoughtful; politely helpful; Ex. attentive audience; Ex. He was attentive to the old lady; N. attentions: act of courtesy and consideration 
attenuate  make thin; weaken 
attest  testify; bear witness 
attire  clothe; N: clothing; array; apparel 
attribute  essential quality; V: ascribe; explain 
attrition  rubbing away by friction; gradual decrease in numbers or strength; reduction in the work force without firing employees; wearing away of opposition by means of harassment; Ex. a war of attrition 
atypical  not normal; not typical 
audacious  daring; bold; N. audacity 
audit  examination of accounts of a business; official examination; V. 
augment  increase; add to 
augury  omen; prophecy; sign of coming events; V. augur: predict; foretell; be a sign of (something in future) 
august  impressive; majestic 
aureole  sun's corona; halo; bright circle of light 
auroral  pertaining to the aurora borealis; CF. aurora australis 
auspicious  favoring success; giving signs of future success; Cf. auspices 
austere  forbiddingly stern; ascetic; without comfort or enjoyment; severely simple and unornamented; Ex. a monk's austere life; Ex. austere grandeur of the cathedral; N. austerity 
authenticate  prove genuine 
authoritarian  subordinating the individual to the state; completely dominating another's will; Ex. authoritarian regime/father 
authoritative  having the weight of authority; regarded as providing knowledge that can be trusted; reliable; peremptory and dictatorial; Ex. authoritative dictionary/manner; CF. definitive 
autocratic  having absolute unchecked power; dictatorial; N. autocrat, autocracy 
automaton  mechanism that imitates actions of humans; machine that works by itself 
autonomous  self-governing; N. autonomy 
autopsy  examination of a dead body; postmortem; V. 
auxiliary  offering or providing help; additional or subsidiary; N: helper; assistant 
avalanche  great mass of falling snow and ice 
avantgarde  group of artists whose work is based on the newest ideas and methods; CF. vanguard 
avarice  greediness for wealth 
avenge  take vengence for something or on behalf of someone; Ex. They avenged his death by burning the village; Ex. He swore to avenge his brother; Ex. They avenged themselves on their enemy. 
aver  state confidently; declare as true 
averse  reluctant; disinclined; not liking or opposed; Ex. averse to cats/doing the house work 
aversion  firm dislike 
avert  prevent; avoid; turn away (eyes or thought); Ex. An accident was averted by his quick thinking; Ex. She averted her eyes from the terrible sight. 
aviary  enclosure for birds; large cage 
avid  greedy; extremely eager for; Ex. avid learner; N. avidity 
avocation  secondary or minor occupation 
avow  declare openly; N. avowal 
avuncular  of or like an uncle 
awe  solemn wonder; feeling of respect mixed with wonder and fear; V: fill with awe; ADJ. awesome 
awful  terrible; very bad 
awl  pointed tool used for piercing 
awry  distorted; crooked; bent; Ex. Our plans have gone awry. 
axiom  self-evident truth requiring no proof 
azure  sky blue 
babble  chatter idly or foolishly; make continuous sounds like water running gently over rounded stone; N. 
bacchanal  noisy party with a lot of drinking 
bacchanalia  the ancient Roman festival in honor of Bacchus 
bacchanalian  drunken 
backslide  revert (to bad habits); N. reverter 
backwards  and forwards; Ex. reciprocate his invitation by inviting him; N. reciprocity: reciprocal relationship; mutual interchange of advantages between two groups; Ex. reciprocity in trading rights 
badger  pester; annoy continually with demands; persuade by asking again and again; Ex. The children badgered me into taking them into the cinema; N: a kind of mountain animal 
badinage  teasing conversation; banter; joking talk 
baffle  frustrate; perplex 
bait  harass; tease; torment; Ex. badger baiting; N: food or other lure used to catch fish or trap animals 
baleful  evil; malignant in intent or effect; deadly; having a malign influence; portending evil; ominous; threatening; Ex. baleful look 
balk  stop short, as if faced with an obstacle, and refuse to continue; foil; stop or get in the way of; frustrate 
ballast  heavy substance used to add stability or weight; V. supply with ballast 
balm  something that relieves pain; oily liquid with a pleasant smell from trees 
balmy  soft and mild (of air); fragrant 
banal  hackneyed; commonplace; trite; lacking originality; clich\'ed 
bandy  discuss lightly or glibly; discuss in a frivolous manner; exchange (words) heatedly; quarrel; Ex. bandy words with 
bane  posion; cause of ruin; ADJ. baneful: harmful; poisonous 
bank  heap; piled-up mass; embankment; lateral tilting (as of an aircraft in turning); V: pile up; protect with a bank; tilt in turning 
bantering  joking talk; good-naturedly ridiculing; N.V. banter 
bar  railing in a courtroom; legal profession; vertical line dividing a staff into equal measures; Ex. prisoner at the bar; V: shut in or out with bars; forbid; exclude; CF. barrister 
barb  sharp projection from fishhook, arrow, or other object; openly cutting remark 
bard  poet 
barefaced  shameless and noticeable; blatant; bold; unconcealed; having no covering on the face; Ex. barefaced lie 
bargain  agreement between two groups or people; something for sale at a price advantageous to the buyer; V: negotiate; trade; Ex. bargaining power 
baroque  highly ornate 
barrage  barrier laid down by artillery fire; overwhelming profusion; large number of questions or statements; Ex. a barrage of criticism 
barrister  counselor-at-law or lawyer in the higher court of law; CF. bar 
barterer  trader; V. barter: trade; exchange good for other goods rather than money 
base  contemptible; morally bad; inferior in value or quality; Ex. base motives/conduct; Ex. base metal such as iron 
bask  luxuriate; take pleasure in warmth 
bastard  illegitimate child 
bastion  stronghold; something seen as a source of protection; Ex. the last bastion of male chauvinism 
bate  let down; lessen the force of; moderate; restrain; Ex. with bated breath; CF. abate 
battalion  army unit made up of four or more companies 
bauble  trinket; cheap jewel; trifle 
bawdy  indecent; obscene; about sex in a rude funny way; CF. bawd 
bearing  deportment; connection 
beatific  giving or showing bliss; blissful 
beatitude  blessedness; state of great happiness 
bedizen  dress with vulgar finery 
bedraggle  wet thoroughly; ADJ. bedraggled: draggled 
beeline  direct quick route 
befuddle  confuse thoroughly 
beget  father; become the father of; produce; give rise to 
begrudge  envy; give or allow unwillingly; grudge; Ex. We shouldn't begrudge him his success. 
beguile  deceive; mislead or delude; cheat; pass time pleasantly; charm or attract; Ex. beguiling smile 
behemoth  huge creature; something of monstrous size or power 
beholden  obligated; indebted; owing thanks; obliged or indebted from gratitude 
behoove(behove)  be suited to; be incumbent upon; be right and necessary; Ex. It behooves one to do. 
belabor  harp on; dwell on tediously; explain or go over excessively or to a ridiculous degree; assail verbally; beat severely; attack physically 
belated  delayed 
beleaguer  besiege or attack (with an army); harass; beset 
belie  contradict; give a false impression; disguise; Ex. The poor sales belied our high hopes; Ex. Her smile belies her true feeling of displeasure. 
belittle  disparage; depreciate 
bellicose  warlike 
belligerent  quarrelsome 
bemoan  lament; moan for; express sorrow or disapproval of 
bemused  confused; lost in thought; preoccupied 
benediction  blessing 
benefactor  gift giver; patron; person who does good or who gives money for a good purpose 
beneficent  kindly; doing good 
beneficial  helpful; useful; advantageous 
beneficiary  person entitled to benefits or proceeds of an insurance policy or will 
benefit  advantage; anything that brings helpl, advantage, or profit; money provided by the government to the people; fund-raising public entertainment; Ex. unemployment benefit; V: receive benefits; be beneficial to; give benefits 
benevolent  generous; charitable; having a wish to do good 
benign  kindly; favorable; not malignant (disease); Ex. benign tumor 
benison  blessing 
bent  determined; Ex. bent on advancing in the business; N: natural talent or inclination 
bequeath  leave to someone by means of a will; hand down in his will; N. bequest 
berate  scold strongly 
bereaved  deprived of (someone beloved through death) 
bereavement  state of being deprived of something valuable or beloved; state of being bereaved or bereft 
bereft  deprived of (something valuable); lacking 
berserk  mad with violent anger; frenzied; madly excited 
beseech  beg; plead with 
beset  harass or trouble from all directions; hem in 
besiege  surround with armed forces; harass (with requests); annoy continually 
besmirch  soil; defile; make dirty 
bestial  beastlike; brutal; inhuman; very cruel 
bestow  confer 
betoken  signify; indicate; be a sign of 
betray  be unfaithful; reveal (unconsciously or unwillingly); Ex. Her trembling hands betray her anxiety. 
betroth  become engaged to marry 
bevy  large group; Ex. a bevy of starlets 
beware  be cautious (of) 
bewitch  cast a spell over; captivate completely 
bicameral  two-chambered as a legislative body 
bicker  quarrel 
bid  command; utter (a greeting); offer as a price; N: offer of a price; amount offered; earnest effort to gain something; Ex. bid for freedom 
biennial  every two years 
bifurcated  divided into two branches; forked 
bigot  one who is intolerant (in matters of religion or politics) 
bigotry  stubborn intolerance 
bilious  suffering from indigestion; sick from having too much bile; irritable; easily irritated 
bilk  swindle; cheat 
billow  large wave of water; a great swell or surge (of smoke); V: surge, swell, roll in billows 
billowing  swelling out in waves; surging 
biting  sharply painful to the body or mind; Ex. biting wind/remarks 
bitter  having a sharp biting taste; ?; causing sharp pain to the body or mind; filled with resentment, disappointment, or other unpleasant feelings; Ex. bitter wind/sorrow/tears 
bivouac  temporary encampment; camp without tents; V. 
bizarre  fantastic; violently contrasting; noticeably odd; strikingly unconventional 
blackball  vote against (an applicant); ostracize; N: negative vote 
blanch  bleach; whiten; make white or pale 
bland  soothing or mild (food); agreeable; causing no trouble or offence 
blandishment  flattery 
blare  loud or harsh roar or screech; dazzling blaze of light 
blase  bored with pleasure or dissipation; uninterested or bored 
blasphemy  irreverence; sacrilege; cursing; bad language about God or holy things; V. blasphem; ADJ. blasphemous; CF. sacrilege 
blatant  extremely (offensively) obvious; loudly offensive; Ex. blatant lie; N. blatancy 
bleak  cold or cheerless; frigid; unlikely to be favorable; depressing 
blemish  mar; spoil the beauty or perfection of; N: flaw or defect (that spoils perfection); Ex. blemishes in the crystal; CF. unblemished 
blight  plant disease; V: infect with blight; ruin; destroy 
blighted  suffering from a disease; destroyed 
bliss  complete happiness; ADJ. blissful 
blithe(blithesome) gay; joyous 
bloated  (unpleasantly) swollen or puffed as with water or air 
blotch  spot; blot; CF. blot+botch 
blowhard  talkative boaster; braggart 
bludgeon  club; heavy-headed weapon; V. 
blue  gloomy; depressed 
blues  state of depression or melancholy; style of slow, mournful music (evolved from southern Black American songs) 
bluff  pretense (of strength); deception; high cliff; ADJ: rough but good-natured 
blunder  error; stupid mistake 
blunt  having a dull edge; abrupt and frank in speech or manner; brusque; V: make or become blunt 
blurt  utter impulsively from nervousness or excitement 
blush  become red in the face (from embarrassment or shame); become red or rosy; N. 
bluster  blow in heavy gusts; threaten emptily; bully; speak in a noisy or bullying manner; CF. breeze, gust, gale 
bode  foreshadow; portend 
bog  soft wet land; V: hinder or be hindered; Ex. bogged down in the mud 
bogus  counterfeit; not authentic; intentionally false; Ex. bogus interview 
Bohemian  unconventional (in an artistic way) 
boisterous  violent; rough; noisy 
bolster  support; reinforce 
bolt  door bar; fastening pin or screw; length of fabric; large roll of cloth; V: dash or dart off; fasten (a | door); gobble down 
bombardment  attack (as with missiles or bombs); V. bombard 
bombast  grandiloquent, pompous speech 
bombastic  pompous; using inflated language 
bookish  fond of books and reading 
boon  blessing; benefit; something very helpful 
boor  rude, insensitive person 
boorish  rude; insensitive 
boost  lift by pushing up from below; increase; raise; N: push upward; increase 
botch  mismanage; blow 
bouillon  clear beef (or meat) soup 
bound  leap or spring; limit or confine; constitute the limit of; Ex. bounded by Canada; N: leap or jumping; boundary; ADJ: certain; having a duty to do something (legally or morally); confined by bonds; Ex. We are bound to be late; Ex. I am bound to 
bountiful  generous; graciously generous; showing bounty 
bourgeois  middle class; selfishly materialistic; too interested in material possessions 
bout  match; short period of great activity; Ex. wrestling bout; bout of drinking/flu 
bovine  cowlike; placid and dull; slow-thinking; calm 
bowdlerize  expurgate; CF. Thomas Bowdler 
brackish  somewhat saline 
brag  boast 
braggadocio  boasting 
braggart  boaster; bragger 
braid  plait; interweave strands or lengths of; make by weaving strands together; N: braided segment (as of hair) 
brand  trademark; mark burned on the hide of an animal; mark burned into the flesh of criminals; mark of disgrace; V: mark with a brand; give a lasting bad name; stigmatize; Ex. The press branded him a liar. 
brandish  wave around (a weapon); flourish 
bravado  swagger; assumed air of defiance; false show of bravery 
brave  face courageously; Ex. brave the storm 
brawl  noisy quarrel 
brawn  human muscle; muscular strength; sturdiness 
brawny  muscular; having well-developed muscles 
brazen  insolent; without shame; bold; Ex. brazen lie; V: face with bold self-assurance or with unshamed confidence 
breach  breaking of contract or duty; fissure or gap; opening; V. 
breadth  width; extent 
breed  produce young; rear; bring up; produce (an undesirable condition); N: kind or sort of animal or plant 
brevity  conciseness; shortness of duration 
bridle  harness fitted about a horse's head (used to restrain); curb; check; V: put a bridle on; control or restrain; show anger 
brim  uppermost edge of a cup; projecting rim (as on a hat); Ex. The glass was full to the brim; V: be full to the brim 
brindled  tawny or grayish with streaks or spots (of animals) 
brink  edge (at the top of a cliff); Ex. on the brink of the Grand Canyon 
brisk  quick and active; marked by liveliness and vigor 
bristle  short stiff hair; V: (hair or fur) stand up stiffly 
bristling  rising like bristles; showing irritation 
brittle  hard but easily broken; difficult; unstable; Ex. brittle situation 
broach  introduce as a subject; moot; open up 
brocade  rich, figured(patterned) fabric 
brochure  pamphlet 
broil  cook by direct heat; N. 
bromide  platitude; chemical compound used to calm excitement 
brooch  ornamental clasp; pin 
brood  sit on in order to hatch; think deeply or worry anxiously; N: the young of certain animals; group of young birds hatched at one time 
brook  tolerate; endure; Ex. brook no interference; N: small stream 
browbeat  bully; intimidate 
browse  graze; feed on growing grass; skim or glance at casually 
bruise  injure without breaking the skin; N. 
brunt  main impact or shock (of an attack or blow); Ex. brunt of the argument 
brusque  blunt; abrupt; curt; not wanting to waste time being nice 
buccaneer  pirate 
bucolic  rustic; pastoral 
buffet  strike forcefully; slap; batter; knock out; N: table with food set out for people to server themselves; meal at which people help themselves to food that's been set 
buffoon  stupid person; clown 
buffoonery  clowning 
bugaboo  bugbear; object of baseless terror 
bulge  protruding part; swelling of a surface; Ex. The apple made a bulge in his pocket; V: swell outward; protrude 
bulk  size or volume (esp. when very large); main part; Ex. The bulk of the work has already been done; ADJ. bulky: having great size 
bullion  gold and silver in the form of bars 
bully  one who is habitually cruel to weaker people; V. 
bulwark  strong wall built for defense; earthwork or other strong defense; person who defends 
bump  hit or knock against with force; N. 
bungle  mismanage; blunder; botch; blow; spoil by clumsy behavior 
buoyant  able to float; cheerful and optimistic; N. buoyancy; Ex. buoyancy of wood/water/American market 
bureaucracy  overregulated administrative system marked by red tape; ADJ. bureaucratic 
burgeon  grow rapidly; grow forth; send out buds; Ex. burgeoning computer industry; CF. bludgeon 
burlesque  give an imitation that ridicules; imitate mockingly 
burnish  make shiny by rubbing; polish 
bust  piece of sculpture showing a person's head, shoulders, and upper chest; V: break up; arrest; Ex. crimebuster 
buttress  support; prop up; N. stationary structure to support wall; Ex. flying buttress 
buxom  full-bosomed; plump; jolly 
cabal  small group of persons secretly united to promote their own interests 
cache  hiding place; V. 
cacophonous  discordant; inharmonious; N. cacophony: unpleasant mixture of loud sounds 
cadaver  corpse; dead human body 
cadaverous  like a corpse; pale 
cadence  rhythmic rise and fall (of words or sounds); beat; regular beat of sound; rhythm 
cadet  student at a military school 
cajole  persuade by praise or false promise; coax; wheedle 
calamity  disaster; misery 
calculated  deliberately planned; likely 
caldron(cauldron) large kettle 
caliber  ability; quality; diameter of the inside of a round cylinder; Ex. work of very high caliber 
calligraphy  beautiful writing; excellent penmanship 
callous  hardened; unfeeling; without sympathy for the sufferings of others; unkind 
callow  youthful; immature; inexperienced 
callus  area of thick hard skin 
calorific  heat-producing; N. calorie 
calumny  malicious misrepresentation; slander 
camaraderie  good-fellowship; CF. comrade 
cameo  shell or jewel carved in relief; star's special appearance in a minor role in a film 
camp  group sharing a common cause or opinion 
canard  unfounded false rumor; exaggerated false report 
candor  frankness; open honesty; ADJ. candid 
canine  related to dogs; doglike 
canker  any ulcerous sore; ulcer; any evil; CF. cancer 
canny  shrewd in money matters; thrifty 
cant  insincere speech or expression of piety; jargon of thieves; special words used by a particular group of people 
cantankerous  ill-humored; irritable 
cantata  story set to music to be sung by a chorus (shorter than an oratorio) 
canter  slow gallop; V. CF. trot 
canto  division of a long poem 
canvass  determine or seek opinions, votes, etc.; go through (a region) to solicit votes or orders; conduct a survey; N. 
capacious  spacious 
capacity  mental or physical ability; role; position or duty; ability to accommodate; Ex. in my capacity as president 
capillary  having a very fine bore; resembling a hair; fine and slender; Ex. capillary attraction; N: very fine hairlike tube; CF. capillarity 
capitulate  surrender; give up all resistance 
caprice  whim; sudden change of mind without any real cause 
capricious  unpredictable; fickle 
capsize  (of a boat) turn over 
caption  title; chapter heading; text under illustration 
captious  faultfinding; too critical 
carafe  glass water bottle; decanter 
carapace  shell covering the back (of a turtle, tortoise, crab, etc.) 
carat(karat)  unit of weight for precious stones; measure of the purity of gold 
carcinogenic  causing cancer; N. carcinogen 
cardinal  chief; most important; N: priest; cardinal number: number that shows quantity rather thatn order 
cardiologist  doctor specializing in ailments of the heart 
careen  lurch; sway from side to side; move with irregular swinging movement; stagger 
career  rush wildly; go at full speed 
carefree  free from worries; having no problems 
caricature  distortion; burlesque 
carillon  a set of bells (often in a tower) capable of being played 
carnage  destruction of life; slaughter; killing of large numbers of people or animals 
carnal  fleshly; sensual; concerning the desires of the body 
carnivorous  meat-eating; N. carnivore; CF. herbivore 
carousal  drunken revel; V. carouse 
carping  petty criticism; fault-finding; fretful complaining; quibble 
carrion  rotting flesh of a dead body; CF. vulture 
cartographer  map-maker 
cascade  small waterfall 
caste  one of the hereditary classes in Hindu society; social stratification; prestige 
castigation  punishment; severe criticism or disapproval 
castrate  remove the sex organs (of a male animal or person) 
casual  happening by chance; irregular; occasional; informal; showing or feeling little interest; Ex. casual reader/labor/remark 
casualty  serious or fatal accident; person killed or wounded in an accident or battle 
cataclysm  deluge; upheaval; earthquake; violent and sudden event or change 
catalyst  agent which brings about a chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged; CF. catalysis 
catapult  slingshot; hurling machine; V: fire from catapult 
cataract  great waterfall; eye abnormality (causing a gradual loss of eyesight) 
catastrophe  calamity ; disaster 
catcall  shout of disapproval or displeasure (made at the theater or a sports match); boo; V. 
catechism  book for religious instruction in question-and-answer form; religious instruction by question and answer; V. catechize 
categorical  without exceptions; made without any doubt in mind; unqualified; absolute 
cater  provide food and drink (for); cater to: try to satisfy (desires of a bad kind) 
catharsis  purging or cleansing of any passage of the body; purging and weakening of strong emotions as a result of experiencing a dramatic work of art 
cathartic  purgative; medicine that causes the bowels to empty; ADJ. 
catholic  (of likings and interests) universal; general; broad; including many different parts; wide-ranging liberal; Ex. catholic opinions/tastes 
caucus  private meeting of a group of people in a political party to select officers or determine policy; CF. the Caucus club of Boston 
caulk(calk)  make watertight (by blocking up cracks as in a ship) 
causal  implying a cause-and-effect relationship; N. causality 
caustic  burning; corrosive; able to burn by chemical action; sarcastically biting; (of remarks) intended to hurt; bitter; harmful; OP. harmless 
cauterize  burn (a wound or snakebite, etc.) with hot iron or caustic substance to stop bleeding and prevent infection 
cavalcade  procession of riders or horse-drawn carriages; parade; CF. cavalry 
cavalier  casual and offhand; arrogant; N: knight 
cavil  quibble; make frivolous objections; find fault unnecessarily 
cede  yield (title or territory) to (esp. after losing a war); surrender formally; N. cession 
celerity  speed; rapidity 
celestial  heavenly 
celibate  abstaining from sexual intercourse; unmarried; N. celibacy 
cemetery  place for burying the dead 
censor  (in ancient Rome) overseer of morals (also taking the census); person who eliminates inappropriate matter; V. 
censorious  severely critical 
censure  blame; criticize; express strong disapproval; N: severe criticism; strong disapproval 
centaur  mythical figure, half man and half horse 
centigrade  denoting a widely used temperature scale (basically same as Celsius) 
centrifugal  radiating; departing from the center 
centrifuge  machine that separates substances by whirling them 
centripetal  tending toward the center 
centurion  Roman army officer (commanding a company of about 100 soldiers) 
cerebral  pertaining to the brain or intellect; intellectual rather than emotional; CF. cerebrum 
cerebration  thought; working of the brain 
ceremonious  marked by formality; extremely formal and polite; CF. ceremony: conventional social courtesy 
certitude  certainty 
cessation  stoppage 
cession  yielding to another; ceding 
chafe  warm by rubbing; make sore by rubbing; N. 
chaff  worthless products of an endeavor; husk(outer seed cover) separated from grain; Ex. separate the wheat from the chaff 
chaffing  bantering; joking 
chagrin  annoyance and disappointment; vexation (caused by humiliation or injured pride) 
chalice  goblet; consecrated cup 
chameleon  lizard that changes color in different situations 
champion  support militantly; fight for; N: person who fights for or supports strongly (a principle, movement, person, etc.) 
championship  position of champion; defense or support; competition held to determine a champion 
chancellor  legal official of high rank; CF. chancellery(chancellory): position of a chancellor 
chant  tune(melody) in which a number of words are sung on the same note; V: sing (a chant); utter (a slogan) in the manner of a chant 
chaotic  in utter disorder 
chapel  small church (in a prison, college, or hospital) 
chaperon  older person who accompanies and supervises a young unmarried woman 
chaplain  clergyman attached to a chapel 
char  make or become black by burning; reduce or be reduced to carbon or charcoal(black substance made by burning wood) by incomplete combustion 
charisma  divine gift; great popular charm or appeal; magnetism 
charlatan  quack; pretender to knowledge (esp. in medicine) 
charm  quality of pleasing; amulet; action or formula thought to have magical power; spell; V: attract; cast a spell on; bewitch 
chary  cautious; unwilling to take risks; sparing or restrained about giving; OP. bold 
chase  ornament a metal surface by indenting; follow rapidly to catch 
chasm  abyss; very deep crack 
chassis  framework and working parts of an automobile; framework to which components are attached 
chaste  morally pure; virginal; abstaining from illicit sexual acts; modest; simple (of a style of writing); not highly decorated; austere 
chasten  discipline; punish in order to correct; CF. castigate 
chastise  punish as by beating; criticize severely 
chauvinist  blindly devoted patriot; zealous adherent of a group, cause, or sex; ADJ. chauvinistic; CF. chauvinism; Nicolas Chauvin 
check  stop motion; curb or restrain 
checkered(chequered) marked by great changes in fortune; with many changes of fortuene; CF. checked: having a pattern of squares 
cherubic  angelic; innocent-looking; N. cherub; CF. seraph: winged angel of the highest order 
chicanery  trickery; deception 
chide  scold; rebuke (someone who has done wrong) 
chimerical  fantastically improbable; highly unrealistic; N. chimera: unreal fancy; fire-breathing female creature 
chip  lose a small piece from the surface or edge; N: small piece broken off something; CF. French fry; Potato chip/crisp 
chisel  swindle or cheat; N: wedgelike tool for cutting 
chivalrous  courteous; faithful; brave; N. chivalry 
choice  delicate; of very fine quality 
choir  group of people who sing together (esp. during religious services); place for choir 
choleric  hot-tempered; bad-tempered; irritable; easily angered; CF. cholera 
chore  daily domestic task (such as cleaning, cooking, and shopping); unpleasant task 
choreography  art of representing dances in written symbols; arrangement of dances 
chortle  chuckle with delight; N. 
chorus  phrase repeated throughout a song or poem 
chronic  long established as a disease 
chronicle  report; record (in chronological order) 
chuckle  laugh quietly 
churlish  boorish; rude; N. churl: boor; yahoo 
ciliated  having minute hairs; CF. cilium; CF. cilia: eyelash 
cipher  nonentity; worthless person or thing; zero; secret code; V. 
circlet  small ring; band of gold, silver, jewel, etc. (worn on the head, arms, or neck as decoration) 
circuit  closed circular line around an area; circumference; regularly repeated journey from place to place 
circuitous  roundabout 
circumlocution  indirect or roundabout expression (by using an uncecessarily large number of words esp. when trying to avoid answering a difficult question directly) 
circumscribe  limit; confine; draw a line around 
circumspect  prudent; cautious; acting after careful thought 
circumvent  outwit; defeat by behaving more cleverly; outsmart; baffle; avoid; get around 
cistern  reservoir or water tank 
citadel  fortress 
cite  quote; commend; Ex. cited for bravery in an official record 
civil  having to do with citizens; not military or religious; courteous and polite; Ex. married in a civil ceremony; Ex. civil strife/disorder/law; N. civility; CF. civic 
clairvoyant  having foresight; fortuneteller; N. clairvoyance 
clamber  climb by crawling with difficulties; scramble 
clamor  loud continous noise; continuous demand or complaint made by a large number of people; V: make a clamor; express (a demand) continually and loudly; ADJ. clamorous 
clandestine  secret 
clangor  loud resounding noise; sound of repeated clanging 
clap  strike the palms of the hands together with a sudden explosive sound; come together suddenly with a sharp sound; put or send promptly; Ex. clap the thief in jail; N: clapping; loud or explosive sound; CF. applause 
clapper  striker (tongue) of a bell 
clarion  shrill, trumpetlike sound; kind of trumpet used in former times 
clasp  hold firmly within arms 
claustrophobia  fear of being locked in 
clavicle  collarbone 
cleave  split or sever; cling to; remain faithful to; N. cleavage; ADJ. cloven 
cleft  N: split 
clemency  disposition to be lenient in deciding punishments; mildness as of the weather; ADJ. clement 
clich\'e  phrase dulled in meaning by repetition; platitude; ADJ. clich\'ed 
clientele  body of customers 
climactic  relating to the highest point; N. climax; CF. climatic 
clime  climate 
clip  cut off with shears; fasten; N: something clipped off (as a short extract from film); clasp or fastener 
clipper  sailing vessel built for great speed 
clique  small exclusive group of people 
cloister  monastery or convent 
clot  half-solid lump formed from a liquid (or blood); V. 
clout  great influence (especially political or social); hard blow with fist 
clown  act stupidly; play the fool; N. 
cloying  distasteful (because excessive); excessively sweet or sentimental; V. cloy: become unpleasant through too much sweetness or excess 
coagulate  congeal; thicken; clot; N. coagulant 
coalesce  combine; fuse; N. coalescence 
coalition  partnership; league; union of separate political parties 
coax  persuade by flattery 
coda  concluding section of a musical or literary composition 
coddle  treat gently; indulge excessively; pamper; mollycoddle; baby; cook in water just below boiling point; Ex. coddled eggs 
codicil  supplement to the body of a will; later addition to a will 
codify  arrange (laws or rules) as a code; classify; N. code: system of words used instead of ordinary writing; collection of laws, rules, established social customs 
coercion  use of force to get someone to object; compelling; V. coerce 
coeval  living at the same time as; existing during the same period of time; contemporary; of the same age 
cog  tooth projecting from a wheel 
cogent  convincing 
cogitate  think over; ponder 
cognate  having a common origin; related linguistically; allied by blood; similar or akin in nature; Ex. cognate languages; N. 
cognitive  having to do with knowing or perceiving related to the mental processes; N. cognition: the mental process of knowing 
cognizance  knowledge; ADJ. cognizant; having knowledge; aware 
cohabit  live together 
cohere  stick together 
cohesion  tendency to keep together 
cohorts  group of people who share some common quality; armed band; a group of between 300 and 600 soldiers under one commander (in the ancient Rome) 
coiffure  hairstyle 
coin  make coins; invent or fabricate (a word or phrase); N. coinage: word or phrase recently invented 
coincidence  the chance occurrence, at the same time, of two or more seemingly connected events; V. coincide: happen at the same time; be in agreement; CF. coincident; CF. coincidental 
colander  utensil with perforated bottom used for straining 
collaborate  work together; cooperate treasonably with the enemy 
collage  work of art put together from fragments 
collate  examine and compare in order to verify authenticity; arrange in order (the sheets of a book before they are bound) 
collateral  security given for loan; ADJ: secondary; descended from the same person but through different sons or daughters 
collation  a light meal; collating 
collected  composed; calm; self-possessed 
colloquial  pertaining to conversational or common speech; informal; N. colloquialism: colloquial expression 
colloquy  informal discussion; conversation 
collusion  conspiring in a fraudulent scheme to cheat or deceive others; V. collude 
colossal  huge 
colossus  gigantic statue; person or thing of great size or importance 
coma  deep prolonged unconsciousness caused by disease, poison, or a severe blow 
comatose  in a coma; extremely sleepy 
combustible  easily burned; N. CF. combustion 
comeback  retort; quick clever reply; return to former status 
comely  attractive; agreeable; having a pleasing appearance 
comestible  something fit to be eaten 
comeuppance  deserts; well-deserved punishment or misfortune; rebuke 
comity  courtesy; civility; Ex. comity of nations 
commandeer  take (private property) for military use without needing permission or giving payment; draft for military purposes 
commemorate  honor the memory of; serve as a memorial to; Ex. commemorate the 100th anniversary/those who died in the war 
commemorative  remembering; honoring the memory of; Ex. commemorative stamp 
commensurate  equal in extent; of the same size 
commiserate  feel or express pity or sympathy for 
commodious  spacious and comfortable 
commonplace  ordinary; N: something ordinary or common; trite remark 
commonwealth  nation governed by the people; republic; people of a nation 
communal  held in common; public; of a group of people; of a commune 
commune  small (often rural) community whose members share work and income; V: exchange thoughts or feelings; Ex. commune with nature 
compact  agreement; contract; ADJ: tightly packed; firm; brief; concise; Ex. compact statement 
compartment  one of the parts into which an enclosed space is divided 
compassion  sympathy for the suffering of others; ADJ. compassionate 
compatible  harmonious; in harmony with; able to exist together 
compelling  overpowering; irresistible in effect; holding one's attention; that compels one to do something; Ex. a compelling adventure story; V. compel 
compendium  brief, comprehensive summary; ADJ. compendious 
compensatory  making up for; repaying 
compilation  listing of information in tabular or book form; compiling 
compile  assemble; gather; accumulate; make (a report or a book) from facts and information found in various places; Ex. compile a dictionary 
complacency  self-satisfaction; smugness; ADJ. complacent 
complaisant  trying to please; obliging; willing to please others 
complement  complete; consummate; make perfect; N. 
complementary  serving to complete something 
compliance  conformity in fulfilling requirements; readiness to yield; disposition to yield to others; V. comply 
compliant  readily acting in accordance with a rule, order, or the wishes or others; yielding; comforming to requirements 
complicity  participation; involvement (in a questionable act or a crime) 
component  element; ingredient 
comport  bear one's self; behave; Ex. comport oneself; N. comportment 
compost  mixture of decaying organic matter used as fertilizer; V: put or make compost 
composure  mental calmness 
compound  combine; produce by combining; increase; make worse by adding to or increasing; exacerbate; Ex. compound an error; ADJ: consisting of two or more parts; N: combination of two or more parts; area enclosed by a wall containing a group of buildings; 
comprehend  include; understand 
comprehensive  broad; including a lot or everything; thorough; inclusive 
compress  force into less space; squeeze; contract; put into fewer words; N: thick mass of cloth pressed to part of the body to stop bleeding or swelling, reduce fever, etc. 
comprise  include; consist of 
compromise  adjust or settle by making mutual concessions; endanger the interests or reputation of; put into danger, disrepute, or a dishonorable position; Ex. compromise one's principle; N. 
compulsion  compelling; strong desire that is difficult to control; irresistible impulse 
compulsive  resulting from compulsion 
compulsory  obligatory; that must be done 
compunction  remorse; strong uneasiness caused by guilt 
compute  reckon; calculate 
concatenate  link as in a chain 
concave  hollow; curved inwards; OP. convex 
concede  admit; acknowledge as being true (often reluctantly); yield; grant; Ex. concede a goal 
conceit  vanity or self-love; too high opinion of one's own value; extravagant metaphor (in poetry) 
concentric  having a common center 
conception  beginning; forming of an idea; fertilization; V. conceive: form an idea in the mind; devise; become pregnant; CF. inception 
concerted  mutually agreed on; done together by agreement; Ex. concerted effort; CF. in concert: working together 
concession  an act of yielding; conceding; something conceded; point, right, etc. given unwillingly; privilege of maintaining a business in a certain place; Ex. oil concessions in the North sea; CF. concessionaire 
conciliatory  reconciling; soothing; V. conciliate: reconcile; soothe; win the friendly feelings (by removing anger) 
concise  brief and compact 
conclave  private secret meeting 
conclusive  decisive; ending all debate 
concoct  prepare by mixing or combining; make up in concert; devise (something false) so as to deceive; Ex. concoct an elaborate excuse for being late; N. concoction 
concomitant  that which accompanies; Ex. Deafnes is a frequent concommitant of old age; ADJ: existing or happening together with something else 
concord  harmony; accord 
concordat  formal agreement 
concur  agree; coincide; happen at the same time 
concurrent  happening at the same time; in agreement 
condescend  (derog.) bestow courtesies with a superior air; descend to the level of one considered inferior 
condign  adequate; (of punishment) severe and well deserved 
condiments  seasonings; spices 
condole  express condolences; N. condolence: sympathy for someone who has experienced great sorrow 
condone  overlook; forgive; give tacit approval; excuse 
conducive  helpful; contributive; V. conduce; Ex. conduce to/towards 
conduit  aqueduct; passageway for fluids 
confidant(confidante) trusted friend (to whom one tells one's secret) 
confide  tell in confidence (to a person one trusts); be confident about 
confidence  self-assurance; calm unworried feeling based on a strong belief in one's abilities; strong belief in the ability of a person or plan; trust or faith in a person or thing; something confided; secret; Ex. confidence in your ability; Ex. I'm telling yo 
confidential  spoken or written in secret; trusted with private matters; Ex. confidential secretary 
confine  shut in an enclosed space; restrict; keep within limits; N. confinement 
confiscate  seize; take possession of (private property) by official order (usu. as a punishment); commandeer 
conflagration  great fire 
confluence  flowing together; the place where two rivers flow together; crowd; gathering together 
conformist  person who uncritically conforms to the customs of a group; OP. nonconformist: one who does not conform to accepted beliefs of norms 
conformity  harmony; agreement with established rules or customs; similarity; Ex. behave in conformity with; V. conform: be similar; act in agreement; comply; Ex. conform to the rule; CF. conformance 
confound  confuse; puzzle 
congeal  freeze; coagulate 
congenial  pleasant; friendly; in agreement with one's tastes and nature; Ex. congenial weather 
congenital  existing at birth 
conglomerate  corporation made up of several different companies in diversified fields; mass of various material gathered together; rock consisting of small stones held together by clay; V. 
conglomeration  mass of material sticking together 
congruence  correspondence of parts; harmonious relationship; CF. congruity 
congruent  in agreement; harmonious; corresponding; coinciding exactly; CF. congruous 
conifer  pine tree (usu. evergreen); cone-bearing tree; ADJ. coniferous; CF. deciduous; CF. evergreen 
conjecture  surmise; guess; V. 
conjugal  pertaining to marriage 
conjure  cause to appear by magic; summon (a devil or a spirit) by magical power; practice magic (esp. by very quick movement of the hands); evoke; conjure up: bring into the mind; Ex. The magician conjured a rabbit out of his hat. 
connivance  pretense of ignorance of something wrong; assistance; permission to offend; V. connive: feign ignorance (of a wrong); cooperate secretly in an illegal action; conspire 
connoisseur  person competent to act as a judge of art, etc. (whose judgments are respected); a lover of an art 
connotation  suggested or implied meaning of an expression; V. connote 
connubial  pertaining to marriage or the matrimonial state 
consanguineous(consanguine) having a common ancestor 
consanguinity  kinship; relationship by birth 
conscientious  scrupulous; through and careful; Ex. conscientious worker 
conscript  draftee; person forced into military service; V. 
consecrate  dedicate; sanctify; declare as sacred; Ex. consecrate one's life to helping the poor 
consensus  general agreement; opinion reached by a group 
consequential  self-important; significant; consequent; following as a result; Ex. consequential air; CF. subsequent 
conservatory(conservatoire) school of the fine arts (especially music or drama); glass-enclosed area; CF. conservancy 
consign  send to a person or place for sale; deliver officially; entrust; put into the care of another; set apart (for a special purpose); N. consignment; CF. consignor, consignee 
consistency  absence of contradictions; uniformity; degree of thickness or firmness; Ex. consistency of thick cream; CF. viscous 
console  lessen sadness or disappointment; give comfort; allay the sorrow of; N. consolation 
consolidation  unification; process of becoming firmer or stronger; V. consolidate: merge; strengthen 
consonance  harmony; agreement 
consonant  harmonious; in agreement; N. 
consort  associate with; keep company; N: husband or wife (or a ruler) 
conspiracy  treacherous plot; secret plan against the law (by two or more people) 
conspire  take part in a conspiracy; (of events) work together; combine; Ex. Events conspired to produce great difficulties. 
consternation  great shock; dismay 
constituency  voters represented by an elected official; district so represented; group of supporters (or constituents) 
constituent  supporter; voter; member of a constituency; component 
constitution  constituting; system of laws; composition of something; physical makeup or structure of a person; Ex. men with strong constitutions 
constraint  restraint; compulsion; repression of feelings; reticence; V. constrain: hold back; restrain; compel; oblige; confine forcibly; imprison 
construe  explain; interpret; Ex. construe her silence as meaning that she agreed; CF. misconstrue 
consummate  complete; V. 
contagion  infection (by contact); ADJ. contagious; CF. infectious: that can be passed by infection in the air 
contaminate  pollute 
contempt  scorn; disdain; ADJ. contemptuous; CF. contemptible 
contend  struggle; compete; assert earnestly; state strongly 
contention  assertion; claim; thesis; struggling; competition 
contentious  quarrelsome; controversial; likely to cause arguments 
contest  dispute; argue about the rightness of; compete for; try to win; Ex. contest the election results; Ex. contest a seat in Parliament; N. 
context  writings preceding and following the passage quoted; circumstance in which an event occurs 
contiguous  adjacent to; touching upon 
continence  self-restraint; sexual chastity; sexual abstinence; voluntary control over bladder and bowel functions; ADJ. continent 
contingent  dependent on something uncertain or in the future; conditional; happening by chance; accidental; N: a group of soldiers, ships to a larger force; CF. contingency: future event that may or may not occur; possibility; Ex. prepare for every contingency 
contortions  twistings; distortions; V. contort: twist violently out of shape; CF. contortionist 
contraband  illegal trade; smuggling; smuggled goods; ADJ. 
contravene  contradict; oppose; violate (a rule, law, or custom); N. contravention 
contrite  penitent; repentant; N. contrition 
contrivance  something contrived; machine or apparatus; clever deceitful plan; scheme 
contrive  invent or fabricate in a clever way (by improvisation); manage; Ex. contrive to attract his attention 
contrived  unnatural and forced; artificial; not spontaneous; Ex. The ending was rather contrived. 
controvert  oppose with arguments; attempt to refute; contradict; ADJ. controversial; N. controversy 
contumacious  stubborn and disobedient; resisting authority (esp. disobedient to an order made by a court) 
contusion  bruise 
conundrum  riddle; difficult problem 
convene  come together; assemble; call to meet; Ex. convene the council 
convention  social or moral custom; established practice; formal meeting; international agreement 
conventional  ordinary; typical; not nuclear; Ex. conventional weapons 
converge  approach; tend to meet; come together 
conversant  familiar with; having knowledge of 
converse  opposite; ADJ. 
convert  one who has adopted a different religion or opinion; V: change into another form; (persuade to) adopt a particular religion or belief 
convex  curving outward 
conveyance  vehicle; transfer; act of conveying; Ex. public conveyance 
conviction  judgment that someone is guilty of a crime; strongly held belief 
convivial  pleasantly merry; festive; joyous; gay; characterized by joviality; jovial 
convoke  call together; Ex. convoke Parliament; N. convocation 
convoluted  coiled around; twisted; involved; complicated; intricate; complex; N. convolution: twist; one of the convex folds of the surface of the brain 
convulsion  violent uncontrollable shaking movement (caused by illness); V. convulse; ADJ. convulsive 
copious  plentiful 
coquette  flirt; flirtatious woman; woman who tries to attract the admiration of men without sincere feelings; V. 
cordial  warmly friendly; gracious; heartfelt; Ex. cordial welcome 
cordon  extended line of men or fortifications to prevent access or egress; V. 
cornice  projecting molding on building (usually above columns or pillars); 
cornucopia  horn (or horn-shaped container) overflowing with fruit and grain; symbol of abundance; horn of plenty 
corollary  natural consequence (which naturally follows from something else) 
coroner  public official who investigates any death thought to be of other than natural causes 
corporeal  bodily (rather than spiritual); of a bodily form; material; tangible 
corpulent  very fat; N. corpulence 
corpus  collection (of writings or information); Ex. the corpus of Shakespear's works; Cf. corpse 
corpuscle  red or white cell in the blood 
correlate  either of the correlated things; V. 
correlation  mutual relationship 
corroborate  confirm; support; strengthen 
corrode  destroy or wear away gradually by chemical action (over a long period) 
corrosive  eating away by chemicals or disease; (of language) fierce 
corrugated  wrinkled; ridged 
cosmic  pertaining to the universe; vast 
coterie  group that meets socially; select circle; close group of people with shared interests 
countenance  approve; support; tolerate; Ex. countenance his rude behavior; N: face; appearance 
countermand  cancel; revoke (an order) 
counterpart  thing that completes another; things very much alike; thing that has the same purpose in a different system 
coup  highly successful action or sudden attack; coup(s) d'\'etat; CF. coup de gr\^ace: deathblow or shot which kills 
couple  join; unite; OP. uncouple 
courier  messenger 
court  attempt to gain; seek; woo; risk; behave so as to invite; attempt to gain the favor of by attention; Ex. court disaster 
covenant  binding agreement between two groups or people; compact; V: enter into a covenant; promise 
covert  secret; hidden; implied; OP. overt 
covetous  avaricious; desirous of (someone else's possessions); V. covet: desire eagerly (someone else's possessions) 
cow  terrorize; intimidate 
cower  shrink quivering as from fear; cringe 
coy  shy (flirtatiously); showing a (pretended) lack of self-confidence; modest; coquettish; CF. job offer 
cozen  cheat; hoodwink; swindle 
crabbed  sour; bad-tempered; peevish; difficult to read as handwriting 
craft  skill (esp. with one's hands); skill in deceiving people; guile; ADJ. crafty: cleverly deceitful; cunning 
crass  very unrefined; grossly insensible; crude and undiscriminating; Ex. crass behavior 
crave  desire; want intensely 
craven  cowardly 
credence  belief 
credential  evidence concerning one's authority; written proof of a person's position; Ex. The new ambassador presented his credentials to the court. 
credo  creed 
credulity  belief on slight evidence; gullibility; naivet\'e; ADJ. credulous 
creed  system of religious or ethical belief 
creep  move with body close to the ground; move stealthily or slowly; N. 
cremate  incinerate (a corpse); N. crematory, crematorium 
crescendo  increase in the volume or intensity as in a musical passage; climax; CF. crescent 
crest  top (as of a hill or wave); showy feathers on the head of a bird 
crestfallen  dejected; dispirited 
crevice  crack; fissure 
cringe  shrink back as if in fear; cower 
crinkle  wrinkle 
criteria  standards used in judging; CF. criterion 
crochet  make (a piece of needlework) by looping thread with a hooked needle; N. CF. crotchet 
crone  hag; ugly old woman 
cross  bad-tempered; showing ill-humor; angry 
crossbreed  hybridize; N: hybrid; CF. interbreed; CF. inbreed 
crotchety  (of someone old) eccentric; odd; whimsical; bad-tempered; N. crotchet: odd or whimsical notion 
crust  hard outer covering (as of earth or snow) 
crux  essential or main point; Ex. the crux of the problem; ADJ. crucial: of deciding importance 
crypt  secret recess or vault usually used for burial; underground room (under a church) 
cryptic  mysterious; hidden; secret 
cubicle  small chamber used for sleeping or work 
cue  word or signal (as in a play to prompt another actor's speech or entrance); reminder or hint; V: give a cue to 
cuisine  style of cooking; Ex. French cuisine 
culinary  relating to cooking or kitchen 
cull  pick out from others (to kill the weakest members); reject; select; collect (information); N. 
culmination  highest point; climax; V. culminate in: reach the highest point in; end in; Ex. a series of minor clashes culminating in war 
culpable  deserving blame; blameworthy 
culprit  one guilty of a crime 
culvert  artificial channel for water; drain crossing under a road 
cumbersome  heavy and awkward to carry or wear; burdensome; Ex. cumbersome parcel/uniform 
cumulative  growing by addition; accumulative 
cunning  clever in deceiving; sly; N: cleverness in deceiving; deceit 
cupidity  greed (for wealth); CF. cupid; CF. Cupid 
curator  superintendent; manager (in charge of a museum or a library) 
curb  chain or strap used with a bit to restrain a horse; something that checks; V: check; restrain 
curfew  regulation requiring all people to leave the streets at stated times; signal (as a bell) announcing the hour of a curfew 
curmudgeon  churlish, miserly individual; bad-tempered old person 
cursive  (of writing) flowing; running; having the successive letters joined 
cursory  casual; hastily done with little attention to detail 
curtail  shorten; reduce 
cynical  skeptical or distrustful of human motives; N. cynicism; CF. cynic: person who believes all people are motivated by selfishness 
cynosure  object of general attention; person or thing that is a center of attention; CF. Ursa Minor 
dabble  work at in a nonserious fashion; splash around; move noisily in a liquid 
dainty  delicate; delicately beautiful; fastidious; not easy to please; Ex. dainty movement/dress 
dais  raised platform for speakers or other important people 
dally  trifle with; toy with; treat without the necessary seriousness; procrastinate; waste time 
damn  condemn; criticize severely; condemn to everlasting punishment; doom; bring to ruin; N. damnation 
dank  damp; unpleasantly wet 
dapper  neat and trim (in appearance); (of small men) neat in appearance and quick in movements; neat; spry 
dappled  spotted 
dart  move or throw suddenly and quickly 
daub  smear (as with paint); cover with something sticky; Ex. daub one's clothes with mud/paint; N: small bit of sticky substance; Ex. a daub of paint 
daunt  intimidate; frighten; discourage; dishearten 
dauntless  bold; fearless 
dawdle  loiter; hang around; waste time doing nothing 
daze  stun as with a blow or shock; bemuse; benumb; N. 
dazzle  make blind with a sudden intense light; amaze; fill with wonder 
deadlock  standstill resulting from the opposition of two unrelenting forces; stalemate 
deadpan  wooden; impassive; with no show of feeling; with an expressionless face 
dearth  scarcity 
debacle  sudden disastrous downfall or defeat; complete disaster 
debar  bar; forbid; exclude; Ex. debarred from jury services 
debase  degrade; reduce in quality or value; degenerate; lower in esteem; disgrace; N. debasement 
debauch  corrupt morally; seduce from virtue; N. debauchery: wild behavior (with sex and alcohol) 
debilitate  weaken (esp. through heat, hunger, illness); enfeeble 
debonair  (of men) friendly, charming, and fashionably dressed; aiming to please; CF. of good disposition 
debris  rubble; wreckage; scattered remains of something broken or destroyed 
debunk  expose as false, exaggerated, worthless, etc.; ridicule 
debut  d\'ebut; first public appearance; formal presentation of a young woman to society 
debutante  young woman making formal entrance into society 
decadence  decay; fall to a lower level (of morality, civilization, or art); ADJ. decadent 
decant  pour off gently (wine or liquid) 
decapitate  behead 
decelerate  slow down 
deciduous  falling off at a specific season or stage of growth as of leaves; Ex. deciduous tree/teeth 
decimate  kill (usually one out of ten or every tenth man); destroy or kill a large part of 
decipher  decode; CF. indecipherable 
declivity  downward slope 
decollete  (of a dress) having a low-cut neckline; CF. d\'ecolletage: low neckline (on a dress) 
decomposition  decay; V. decompose: decay; break and separate into simple parts 
decorous  proper (in behavior, conduct, or appearance) 
decorum  propriety; orderliness and good taste in manners; appropriateness of behavior or conduct 
decoy  lure or bait; V. 
decree  authoritative order; edict; judgment of a court of law; V: order or judge by decree 
decrepit  weak and in bad condition from old age or hard use; Ex. decrepit old chair/man 
decrepitude  state of collapse or weakness caused by illness or old age 
decry  express strong disapproval of; condemn openly (something dangerous to the public); disparage; Ex. decry the violence of modern films 
deducible  derived by reasoning; V. deduce: infer; derive by reasoning 
deface  mar; disfigure 
defalcate  embezzle 
defame  harm someone's reputation; malign; speak evil of; slander; N. defamation; ADJ. defamatory 
default  failure to act; failure to perform a task or be present; V. 
defeatist  resigned to defeat or failure; accepting defeat or failure as a natural outcome; N. CF. defeatism 
defect  shortcoming; V: desert (in order to join the opposite one) 
defection  desertion 
defer  give in respectfully; submit; delay till later; exempt temporarily; N. deferment; CF. show respect, comply with, courteous 
deference  courteous regard for another's wish; courteous yielding to another's wish or opinion (showing respect); ADJ. deferential; OP. effrontery 
defiance  refusal to yield; resistance; V. defy; ADJ. defiant 
defile  pollute; make filthy or dirty; corrupt morally; profane; desecrate; N: narrow passage or gorge through mountains 
definitive  most reliable; authorative and complete; that cannot be improved; conclusive; decisive; definite; Ex. definitive decision by the supreme court 
deflect  turn aside; turn away from a straight course 
defoliate  destroy leaves; deprive of leaves (by the use of chemicals); N. defoliant 
defray  provide for the payment of; undertake the payment of; pay 
defrock  strip a priest or minister of church authority; unfrock 
deft  neat; skillful 
defunct  dead; no longer in use or existence 
degenerate  become worse in quality; deteriorate; ADJ: having become worse; Ex. a degenerate species; N: depraved or corrupt person 
degradation  humiliation; debasement; degeneration; V. degrade: debase; disgrace; degenerate; reduce (something) in worth; demote (someone); reduce in rank 
dehydrate  remove water from; dry out 
deify  turn into a god; make a god of; idolize; Ex. Kings were deified; CF. deity 
deign  condescend; stoop 
delete  erase; strike out 
deleterious  harmful 
deliberate  consider; ponder; ADJ: done on purpose; slow 
delineate  portray; depict; sketch; describe; N. delineation 
delirium  mental disorder marked by confusion; uncontrolled excitement; ADJ. delirious 
delta  flat plain of mud or sand between branches of a river 
delude  deceive 
deluge  flood; rush; V. 
delusion  false belief; hallucination; deluding; Ex. delusions of grandeur; Ex. under the delusion that 
delusive  deceptive; likely to delude; misleading; raising vain hopes; Ex. delusive promises 
delve  dig; search deeply; investigate 
demagogue  person who appeals to people's prejudice; false leader of people; CF. demagoguery 
demean  disgrace; humiliate; debase in dignity; behave 
demeanor  behavior; bearing 
demented  insane 
demerit  fault; bad quality 
demise  death 
demographic  related to population balance; N. demography: statistical study of human population 
demolition  destruction; V. demolish 
demoniac(demoniacal) fiendish; cruel; N. demon: evil supernatural being; devil 
demotic  of or pertaining to the people 
demur  object (because of doubts, scruples); raise an objection (showing qualms); hesitate; Ex. demur at the idea of working on Sunday 
demure  (of a woman or child) grave; quiet and serious; coy; pretending to be demure 
denigrate  blacken; defame 
denizen  (animal, person, or plant) inhabitant or resident of a particular place; regular visitor 
denomination  religious group; unit in a system; name or designation; CF. denominator: common trait or characteristic 
denotation  meaning; distinguishing by name; V. denote: indicate; refer to directly; mean; CF. connotation 
denouement  final outcome; final development of the plot of a play or other literary work; the end of a story when everything is explained 
denounce  condemn; criticize; N. denunciation 
depict  portray 
deplete  reduce; exhaust 
deplore  regret; express sorrow and severe disapproval for something bad; Ex. deplore their violent behavior; ADJ. deplorable: very bad; deserving severe disapproval; Ex. deplorable living condition 
deploy  spread out (troops) in an extended though shallow battle line; distribute (persons or forces) systematically or strategically 
deport  send out of the country; behave; N. deportation, deportment 
depose  dethrone; remove from office; give a deposition; testify 
deposition  testimony under oath; deposing; dethroning 
depravity  extreme corruption; wickedness; V. deprave 
deprecate  express disapproval of; deplore; protest against; belittle; ADJ. deprecatory 
depreciate  lessen in value; belittle; represent as of little value 
depredation  plundering; destruction 
deputize  work or appoint as a deputy; N. deputy: person who has the power to take charge when the leading person is away 
deranged  insane 
derelict  negligent; (of someone) neglectful of duty; (of something) deserted by an owner; abandoned; N: abandoned property; homeless or vagrant person 
dereliction  neglect of duty; abandonment 
deride  ridicule; treat with contempt; make fun of; OP. respect 
derision  ridicule; ADJ. derisive; CF. derisory 
derivation  deriving; origin or source of something; Ex. the derivation of the word 
derivative  unoriginal; obtained from another source; Ex. derivative prose style; N. 
dermatologist  one who studies the skin and its diseases 
derogatory  expressing a low opinion; disparaging; V. derogate: detract; disparage 
descry  catch sight of (something distant) 
desecrate  profane; violate the sanctity of 
deserts  what someone deserves 
desiccate  dry up 
desolate  make desolate; forsake; abandon and desert 
desperado  reckless, desperate outlaw 
desperate  having lost all hope; despairing; reckless and violent because of loss of hope or despair; undertaken as a last resort 
despise  look on with scorn; regard as worthless or distasteful; ADJ. despicable: contemptible 
despoil  plunder; sack; Ex. despoil the village 
despondent  without hope and courage; depressed; gloomy; N. despondency: loss of hope with gloom; dejection 
despot  tyrant; harsh, authoritarian ruler; CF. despotism 
destitute  extremely poor; lacking means of subsistence; utterly lacking; devoid; Ex. destitute of any experience 
desultory  aimless; haphazard; digressing at random 
detached  emotionally removed; free from emotional involvement; calm and objective; physically separate; N. detachment; CF. attachment 
detain  keep waiting; prevent from leaving or going; N. detention 
determinate  having a fixed order of procedure; precisely defined; invariable; fixed; conclusive; final 
determination  resolve; firmness of purpose; measurement or calculation; decision 
deterrent  something that discourages or deters 
detonation  explosion 
detraction  slandering; aspersion; detracting; CF. detractor 
detrimental  harmful; damaging; N. detriment 
deviate  turn away from (a principle, norm); move away from an accepted standard; swerve; depart; diverge; N. deviation; Ex. deviation of the path of light by a prism 
devious  roundabout; erratic; deviating from the straight course; not straightforward; not completely honest; Ex. devious route 
devise  think up; invent; plan; bequeath; N: bequest 
devoid  empty; lacking 
devolve  deputize; pass or be passed to others (power, work, or property); Ex. devolve on/upon/to 
devotee  enthusiastic follower; enthusiast; Ex. devotee of Bach 
devout  pious; deeply religious; sincere; earnest; Ex. my devout hope 
dexterous  skillful; skill in using hands or mind; N. dexterity 
diabolical  diabolic; devilish; fiendish 
diadem  crown 
dialectical  relating to the art of debate; mutual or reciprocal; Ex. dialectical situation; N. dialectic: art of arriving at the truth by the exchange of logical arguments 
diaphanous  sheer; transparent 
diatribe  bitter scolding or denunciation; invective; abuse 
dichotomy  division into two opposite parts; split; branching into two parts (especially contradictory ones) 
dictum  authoritative and weighty statement (made by a judge in court); saying; maxim; CF. obiter dictum: incidental, nonbinding remark (something said in passing) 
didactic  (of speech or writing) intended to teach a moral lesson; teaching; instructional; N. didacticism 
die  metal block used for shaping metal or plastic; device for stamping or impressing; mold; CF. dice 
diffidence  shyness; lack of self-confidence; timidity; ADJ. diffident 
diffuse  wordy; verbose; rambling; spread out (like a gas); V: spread out in all directions; disperse; N. diffusion; CF. suffuse 
dignitary  person of high rank or position 
digression  wandering away from the subject; V. digress 
dilapidated  falling to pieces; in a bad condition; ruined because of neglect; Ex. dilapidated old car/castle; N. dilapidation 
dilate  expand; dilate on/upon: speak or write at length on (a subject) 
dilatory  delaying; tending to delay 
dilemma  situation that requires a choice between equally unfavorable options; problem; choice of two unsatisfactory alternatives 
dilettante  aimless follower of an art or a field of knowledge (not taking it seriously); amateur; dabbler; CF. delight 
diligence  steadiness of effort; persistent hard work 
dilute  make (a liquid) less concentrated; reduce in strength; Ex. dilute the influence of the president 
diminution  lessening; reduction in size; V. diminish 
din  continued loud noise; V: make a din; instill by wearying repetition 
dinghy  small boat (often ship's boat) 
dingy  (of things and place) dirty and dull; Ex. dingy street/curtain 
dint  means; effort; Ex. by dint of hard work 
diorama  life-size, three-dimensional scene from nature or history; three-dimensional scene with modeled figures against a painted background 
dire  warning of disaster; disastrous; (of needs and dangers) very great; urgent; Ex. dire prediction/need of food 
dirge  funeral song; slow mournful piece of music (sung over a dead person) 
disabuse  correct a false impression; undeceive; free from a wrong belief 
disaffected  disloyal; lacking loyality; V. disaffect: cause to lose affection or loyalty 
disapprobation  disapproval; condemnation 
disarray  state of disorder; a disorderly or untidy state; Ex. with her clothes in disarray 
disavowal  denial; disclaiming; repudiating; disowning; V. disavow; CF. disclaim 
disband  dissolve; disperse; (of a group) break up and separate; Ex. The club has disbanded. 
disbar  make (a lawyer) leave the bar or the legal profession 
disburse  pay out (as from a fund); N. disbursement; CF. purse 
discernible  distinguishable; perceivable; Ex. discernible improvement 
discerning  mentally quick and observant; having insight; perceptive; able to make good judgments; V. discern: perceive 
disclaim  disown; renounce claim to; deny; CF. disclaimer 
disclose  reveal; N. disclosure 
discombobulated  discomposed; confused 
discomfit  frustrate; put to rout; defeat; disconcert; embarrass; perturb 
discompose  disturb the composure of; confuse 
disconcert  confuse; upset; embarrass; perturb 
disconsolate  hopelessly sad (at the loss of something) 
discord  conflict; lack of harmony; dissonance (when musical notes are played) 
discordant  not harmonious; conflicting 
discount  disregard; regard (a story or news) as unimportant; deduct from a cost 
discourse  serious speech, writing, or conversation; formal discussion (either written or spoken); conversation; V. 
discredit  defame; disgrace; destroy confidence in; disbelieve; N. CF. discreditable: causing discredit; shameful 
discrepancy  lack of consistency or agreement as between facts; difference; Ex. discrepancy between two descriptions 
discrete  separate; unconnected 
discretion  prudence; ability to adjust actions to circumstances; freedom of action or judgment; ADJ. discreet; CF. discretionary 
discriminate  distinguish; make distinctions on the basis of preference 
discriminating  able to see differences; discerning; prejudiced; N. discrimination 
discursive  (of a person or writing) digressing; rambling (without any clear plan) 
disdain  treat with scorn or contempt 
disembark  debark; go ashore (from a ship); unload cargo from a ship; CF. embark 
disenfranchise  disfranchise; deprive of a civil right; OP. enfranchise 
disengage  uncouple; separate; disconnect; stop fighting; OP. engage 
disfigure  mar the appearance of; spoil 
disgorge  surrender something (stolen); eject; vomit; OP. gorge 
disgruntle  make discontented 
dishearten  discourage 
disheveled  untidy (of hair or clothing); V. dishevel 
dishonor  disgrace; N. ADJ. dishonorable 
disinclination  unwillingness 
disingenuous  not naive; not candid; sophisticated; worldly wise; OP. ingenuous 
disinter  dig up; unearth; OP. inter 
disinterested  unprejudiced; free from bias and self-interest; objective 
disjointed  disconnected; lacking coherence; V. disjoint: disconnect; disjoin 
disjunction  act or state of separation; disunity; CF. disjunctive: expressing a choice between two ideas; CF. conjunction; CF. conjunctive 
dislodge  remove (forcibly); force out of a position; Ex. dislodge the food caught in his throat; CF. lodge 
dismantle  take apart; disassemble 
dismember  cut into small parts; cut (a body) apart limb from limb 
dismiss  eliminate from consideration; no longer consider; put out of court without further hearing; reject; discharge from employment; direct to leave; ADJ. dismissive; N. dismissal 
disparage  belittle 
disparate  basically different; impossible to compare; unrelated 
disparity  difference; condition of inequality; OP. parity 
dispassionate  calm; impartial; not influenced by personal feelings 
dispatch  speediness; prompt execution; message sent with all due speed; V: send to a specified destination; finish promptly; kill 
dispel  scatter; drive away; cause to vanish 
dispense  distribute; prepare and give out (medicines); N. dispensation: dispensing; religious system; official exemption from an obligation or a rule 
disperse  scatter; Ex. disperse the cloud/crowd 
dispirited  lacking in spirit 
disport  amuse; Ex. disport oneself; CF. divert 
disproportion  lack of proportion (between the parts); ADJ. disproportionate 
disputatious  argumentative; fond of argument 
disquietude  uneasiness; anxiety; V. disquiet: make anxious 
disquisition  formal systematic inquiry; explanation of the results of a formal inquiry; long formal speech or written report 
dissection  analysis; cutting apart in order to examine 
dissemble  disguise; hide the real nature of; pretend 
disseminate  distribute; spread; scatter (like seeds) 
dissension  disagreement of opinions causing strife within a group 
dissent  disagree 
dissertation  formal essay; treatise 
dissident  dissenting (with an opinion, a group, or a government); rebellious; N. 
dissimulate  pretend; conceal by feigning; dissemble 
dissipate  squander; waste foolishly; scatter 
dissolution  disintegration; reduction to a liquid form; looseness in morals; sensual indulgence; debauchery; ADJ. dissolute: lacking in moral restraint; leading an immoral life 
dissonance  discord 
dissuade  persuade not to do; discourage; N. dissuasion 
distant  reserved or aloof; cold in manner; Ex. distant greeting; ADV. distantly 
distend  expand; swell out 
distill  refine (a liquid by evaporating and subsequent condensation); concentrate; separate the most important parts from; Ex. distill fresh water from sea water; CF. brew 
distinct  clearly different; clearly noticed 
distinction  honor; excellence; difference; contrast; discrimination; Ex. graduated with distinction; Ex. a writer of real distinction 
distinctive  clearly different from others of the same kind 
distort  twist out of shape; give a false account of; misrepresent; N. distortion 
distract  take (one's attention) off something; upset emotionally; make anxious; ADJ. distracted 
distrait  absentminded; distracted 
distraught  upset; distracted by anxiety; very anxious and troubled almost to the point of madness; Ex. distraught with grief/worry 
diurnal  daily; occurring during the daytime 
diva  operatic singer; prima donna 
diverge  vary; go in different directions from the same point; ADJ. divergent: differing; deviating 
diverse  differing in some characteristics (from each other); various; N. diversity: | variety; dissimilitude; lack of resemblance 
diversion  act of turning aside; pastime; V. divert: turn aside from a course; distract; amuse 
divest  strip (as of clothes); deprive (as of rights); dispossess; N. divestiture(divestment) 
divine  perceive intuitively (by or as if by magic); foresee the future; foretell; dowse; ADJ. N. divination 
divulge  reveal 
docile  obedient; easily managed; submissive 
docket  program as for trial; book where such entries are made; list of things to be done; agenda; label fixed to a package listing contents or directions; V: describe in a docket 
doctrinaire  unable to compromise about points of doctrine; dogmatic; unyielding; marked by inflexible attachment to a doctrine without regard to its practical difficulties 
doctrine  teachings in general; particular principle (religious, legal, etc.) taught; dogma; tenet; ADJ. doctrinal 
document  provide written evidence (for a claim); record with documents; N. 
doddering  shaky; infirm from old age; V. dodder 
doff  take off; OP. don 
dogged  determined; stubborn; stubbornly persevering; tenacious; Ex. Inspector Javert's dogged pursuit of Jean Valjean 
doggerel  poor verse 
dogmatic  opinionated; holding stubbornly to one's opinion; arbitrary; doctrinal 
doldrums  blues; listlessness(lack of spirit or energy); slack(inactive) period; period of stagnation; ocean area near the equator where ships cannot move because there is no wind; Ex. in the doldrums 
dolorous  sorrowful; N. dolor 
dolt  slow-thinking stupid person; CF. dull 
domicile  home; V. ADJ. domiciled: having one's domicile; Ex. He is domiciled in Britain. 
dominant  exercising the most influence; high and easily seen; stronger than the other part of a system; not recessive 
dominate  control; rule; enjoy a commanding position in; overlook from a height; ????? 
domineer  rule over tyrannically 
don  put on; OP. doff 
doom  condemnation to a severe penalty; ruin; fate (esp. a tragic or ruinous one); V. 
dormant  sleeping; temporarily inactive; lethargic; latent 
dormer  window projecting upright from roof; CF. sleeping room 
dorsal  relating to the back of an animal; Ex. dorsal fin 
dossier  file of documents on a subject or person; file; CF. bundle of papers labeled on the back 
dotage  senility; feeblemindedness of old age; Ex. In one's dotage 
dote  be excessively fond of; show signs of mental decline 
dour  sullen; gloomy; stubborn 
douse  plunge into water or liquid; dip; immerse; drench; wet throughly; extinguish; throw water over; dowse 
dowdy  untidy (of a woman or clothes); slovenly; dressed in an unattractive way; shabby; CF. unattractive woman 
downcast  disheartened; dejected; sad; directed downward 
dowry  money or property brought by a bride to her husband at marriage 
dowse  use a divining rod to search for underground water or minerals 
doze  sleep lightly; nap 
drab  dull; lacking color; cheerless ; Ex. drab coat/life 
draconian  extremely severe; Ex. draconian punishment; CF. Draco: Athenian politician 
draft  first rough form; conscription; draught; V: make a draft of; conscript 
drama  prose or verse composition to be performed by actors; play; exciting and unusual situation 
drastic  strong; violent and severe; Ex. drastic changes/measures 
draught  current of air (through a room or to a fire); act of pulling roads; act of swallowing liquid or amount of liquid swallowed at a time 
draw  choosing of a lot or card 
dregs  sediment in a liquid; lees; worthless residue 
dribble  flow or fall in drops; let saliva flow out slowly from the mouth; move a ball; N. 
drip  fall or let fall in drops; shed drops; N: action or sound of falling in drops; liquid that falls in drops 
drivel  nonsense; foolishness; V: talk nonsense 
droll  queer and amusing 
drone  talk dully; buzz or murmur like a bee; N. 
droop  bend or hang downward; become weakened; Ex. His shoulders drooped with tiredness; N. 
dross  waste matter; worthless impurities 
drudge  do drudgery; N: person who drudges 
drudgery  hard unpleasant work; menial work 
dubious  questionable; (of something) causing doubt; (of someone) filled with doubt; N. dubiety 
ductile  malleable; pliable; (of metals) easily pulled into shape; flexible; (of someone) easily influenced or controlled 
dulcet  sweet sounding; pleasing to the ear; melodious 
dull  (of colors or surfaces) not bright; cloudy; overcast; boring; (of edge or sound) not sharp; not rapid; sluggish; slow in thinking and understanding; stupid; V. 
dumbfound(dumfound) astonish (making dumb); ADJ. dumbfounded, dumfounded, dumbstruck 
dummy  imitation of a real object used as a substitute; effigy 
dupe  someone easily fooled or deceived; V: deceive 
duplicity  double-dealing; hypocrisy; being dishonest and deceitful; ADJ. duplicitous 
duration  length of time something lasts 
duress  forcible restraint, especially unlawfully; coercion by threat; illegal coercion; Ex. a promise made under duress 
dutiful(duteous) (of people or their behavior) respectful; obedient (filled with a sense of duty) 
dwindle  shrink; reduce gradually 
dynamic  energetic; vigorously active 
dynamo  generator for producing electricity; energetic person 
dys-  abnormal; impaired 
dysentery  inflammatory disorder of the lower intestinal tract 
dyslexia  word blindness; learning disorder marked by impairment of the ability to read 
dyspeptic  suffering from indigestion; N. dyspepsia: indigestion; difficulty in digesting food 
earmark  set aside (money or time) for a particular purpose 
earn  gain for the performance of service or labor; gain (something that one deserves); deserve 
earthly  of this earth; terrestrial; worldly; not divine; possible; Ex. no earthly reason 
earthy  unrefined; coarse; of earth; Ex. earthy remarks; OP. ethereal 
ebb  (of the tide) recede; lessen; diminish; N. OP. flow: rise of tide 
ebullient  showing excitement; overflowing with enthusiasm; boiling; N. ebullience; N. ebullition: state of boiling 
eccentric  irregular; odd; unconventional; whimsical; bizarre; not concentric 
eccentricity  oddity; idiosyncrasy 
ecclesiastic  ecclesiastical; pertaining to the church; N: minister; priest; cleric; clergyman 
eclectic  selective; composed of elements drawn from disparate sources; selecting individual elements from a variety of sources; N. eclecticism 
eclipse  darken; extinguish; outshine; surpass; cause an eclipse 
ecliptic  path of the sun and the planets 
ecologist  person concerned with the interrelationship between living organisms and their environment; person concerned with the detrimental effects of human civilization on the environment; CF. ecology 
economy  efficiency or conciseness in using something; thrifty management of resources 
ecosystem  ecological community together with its environment 
ecstasy  rapture; very strong feeling of joy and happiness; any overpowering emotion; ADJ. ecstatic: causing or experiencing ecstasy 
eddy  swirling current of water, air, etc.; V. 
edict  decree (especially one issued by a sovereign); official command 
edifice  building (of imposing size) 
edify  instruct; correct morally 
eerie  weird; causing fear because strange 
efface  rub out; remove the surface of 
effective  effectual; producing a strong response; striking; in operation; in effect; Ex. effective speech/photograph 
effectual  able to produce a desired effect; valid 
effectuate  effect; produce; achieve; Ex. effectuate a reconciliation 
effeminate  having womanly traits 
effervescence  inner excitement or exuberance; showing high spirits; emitting bubbles forming inside; bubbling from fermentation or carbonation; ADJ. effervescent; V. effervesce 
effete  having lost one's original power; barren; worn out; exhausted 
efficacy  power to produce desired effect; ADJ. efficacious: effectual 
effigy  dummy; likeness of a person made of wood, paper, or stone; Ex. burn an effigy of the President 
effluvium  noxious(harmful) smell 
effrontery  rudeness without any sense of shame; shameless boldness; presumptousness; nerve; cheek 
effulgent  shining brightly; brilliant 
effusion  pouring forth; unrestrained outpouring of feeling; V. effuse: pour out; ADJ. effusive: pouring forth; gushing 
ego  one's opinion of oneself; self-esteem 
egoism  excessive interest in one's self; belief that one should be interested in one's self rather than in others; selfishness; ADJ. egoistic, egoistical 
egotism  tendency to speak or write of oneself excessively; conceit; self-importance 
egotistical  egotistic; excessively self-centered(egocentric); self-important; conceited 
egregious  notorious; conspicuously bad or shocking 
egress  exit; opening for going out; act of going out; OP. ingress 
ejaculation  exclamation; abrupt ejection (to discharge sperm); V. ejaculate 
elaborate  work out carefully; add more detail or information; ADJ. 
elaboration  addition of details; intricacy 
elastic  able to spring back into shape; quick to recover (as from disappointment); able to adapt to change; Ex. elastic plans; N: elastic material 
elated  filled with excited joy and pride; overjoyed; in high spirits; joyful and proud; Ex. elated crowd; V. elate; N. elation 
elegy  poem or song expressing lamentation (for the dead); ADJ. elegiacal, elegiac 
elevation  elevated position; altitude; height; flat upright side of a building; angle made by pointing a gun; Ex. The elevation of her style is much admired; Ex. front elevation of the house 
elicit  draw out fact or information (by discussion or from someone) 
elixir  cure-all; panacea; something invigorating 
ellipsis  omission of words from a text; mark used to indicate an omission (when the meaning can be understood without them); PL. ellipses 
elliptical  elliptic; oval; of an ellipse; containing an ellipsis; ambiguous either purposely or because key words have been left out 
elope  run away secretly with the intention of getting married 
eloquence  expressiveness; persuasive speech; ADJ. eloquent: movingly expressive; expressing ideas well so that the hearers can be influeneced 
elucidate  explain; make clear; clarify; enlighten; CF. lucid 
elusive  evasive; not frank; baffling; hard to grasp, catch, or understand; V. elude: escape from; escape the understanding or grasp of; Ex. elude the hunter; Ex. His name eludes me. 
elysian  relating to paradise; blissful 
Elysium  place or condition of bliss 
emaciated  thin and wasted (from hunger or illness) 
emanate  issue forth; come out 
emancipate  set free; liberate 
emasculate  weaken; castrate 
embargo  ban on commerce or other activity 
embark  commence; go on board a boat; begin a journey 
embed(imbed)  enclose; place in something; fix firmly in a surrounding mass 
embellish  adorn; ornament; enhance as a story (by adding fictitious details) 
embezzlement  taking for one's own use in violation of trust; stealing (of money placed in one's care) 
embitter  make bitter; fill with painful or bitter feelings; make sad and angry; Ex. He was embittered by many disappointments. 
emblazon  ornament richly (a shield or flag); N. emblazonment 
embody  give a bodily form to; incorporate; include 
emboss  produce a design in raised relief; decorate with a raised design 
embrace  hug; clasp with the arms; adopt or espouse; accept readily; encircle; include; Ex. embrace the cause/socialism; Ex. all-embracing; CF. brace; CF. bracelet 
embroider  decorate with needlework; ornament (a story) with fancy or fictitious details; embellish 
embroil  throw into confusion; involve in strife, dispute, or quarrel; entangle; CF. imbroglio 
embryonic  undeveloped; rudimentary; N. embryo: organism in the early stage of development 
emend  correct (usually a text); N. emendation: correction of errors; improvement 
emetic  substance causing vomiting; ADJ. 
eminent  rising above others; high; lofty; distinguished; Ex. eminent position 
emissary  agent (sent on a mission to represent another); messenger 
emollient  soothing or softening remedy (for the skin); ADJ. 
emolument  salary; payment for an office; compensation 
empathy  ability to identify with another's feelings, ideas, etc.; identification with and understanding of another's feelings; V. empathize; CF. sympathy 
empirical  based on experience 
emulate  imitate; rival; try to equal or excel (through imitation) 
enact  make (a bill) into law 
enamored  in love; Ex. enamored of his own beauty; V. enamor: inspire with love 
encipher  encode; convert a message into code; put into cipher 
encircle  surround 
enclave  territory enclosed within an alien land 
encomiastic  praising; eulogistic; N. encomium: very high praise; eulogy 
encompass  surround; include; Ex. His activities encompass publishing and computers. 
encroachment  gradual intrusion; Ex. I resent all these encroachments on my valuable time; V. encroach: take another's possessions or right gradually or stealthily; intrude; Ex. encroach on/upon 
encumber  burden; N. encumbrance 
endear  make beloved; Ex. endear her to everyone; ADJ. dear: loved; cherished; high-priced 
endearment  fond word or act; expression of affection 
endemic  prevailing among a specific group of people or in a specific area or country; peculiar to a particular region or people; CF. pandemic 
endorse  approve; support; write one's signature on the back of; N. endorsement; CF. dorsal 
endue  provide with some quality; endow 
enduring  lasting; surviving; V. endure: bear (pain or suffering) for a long time; remain alive (in spite of difficulties); last; survive 
energize  invigorate; give energy to; make forceful and active 
enervate  weaken; take away energy from 
enfranchise  admit to the rights of citizenship (especially the right to vote); CF. franchise 
engage  attract; employ; hire; pledge oneself; confront; fight; enter into confliction; interlock; lock together; participate; N. engagement: agreement to marry; arrangement to meet someone or to do something; battle 
engaged  employed; busy; betrothed; involved in conflict 
engaging  charming; attractive 
engender  cause; produce; give rise to 
engross  occupy fully; absorb 
engulf  surround and swallow up 
enhance  increase; make greater (as in value, reputation, or usefulness); improve 
enigma  puzzle; mystery; ADJ. enigmatic: obscure; puzzling 
enjoin  command; order; forbid 
enlist  (cause to) join the armed forces; obtain (help, sympathy, or support) 
enliven  make lively or spirited; animate 
enmity  ill will; hatred; hostility 
ennui  boredom; listlessness and dissatisfaction resulting from lack of interest; CF. annoy 
enormity  hugeness (in a bad sense); excessive wickedness; Ex. enormity of the crime; ADJ. enormous 
enrapture  please intensely; fill with rapture and delight 
ensconce  settle comfortably; place comfortably (in a secure place) 
ensue  follow (as a result) 
entail  make necessary; require; necessitate; involve; limit the inheritance of (property) to a specified succession of heirs; Ex. entail A on/upon B 
enterprise  willingness to take new ventures; initiative; business organization; plan (that is difficult or daring); Ex. their latest enterprise to sail round the world in a small boat 
enterprising  full of initiative; showing enterprise 
enthrall  capture; enslave; captivate; hold the complete attention of (as if magic); hold spellbound 
entice  lure; persuade to do (something wrong); attract; tempt 
entity  real being 
entomology  study of insects 
entourage  group of attendants; retinue; CF. surround 
entrance  put under a spell(condition caused by magical power); carry away(fill with strong feeling) with emotion; put into a trance; fill with delight 
entreat  plead; ask earnestly 
entree(entr\'ee) entrance; a way in; right to enter; main dish of a meal; Ex. entree into the exclusive circle 
entrepreneur  businessperson (who assumes the risk of a business venture); contractor; ADJ. entrepreneurial 
enumerate  list; mention one by one 
enunciate  announce; proclaim; utter or speak, especially distinctly; pronounce clearly; articulate; Ex. This theory was first enunciated by him. 
environ  enclose; surround; N. environs: surrounding area (as of a city) 
eon(aeon)  long period of time; an age; longest division of geologic time containing two or more eras 
epaulet(epaulette) ornament worn on the shoulder (of a uniform, etc.) 
ephemeral  short-lived; fleeting 
epic  long heroic poem, novel, or similar work of art (celebrating the feats of a hero); ADJ: (of stories or events) resembling an epic; grand 
epicure  connoisseur of food and drink; gourmet; ADJ. epicurean; CF. Epicurus 
epicurean  believing that pleasure is good and suffering is bad and should be avoided; N. 
epigram  witty thought or saying, usually short 
epilogue  short speech at conclusion of dramatic work 
episodic  (of a story or play) loosely connected; made up of separate and loosely connected parts; N. episode: incident in the course of an experience 
epistemologist  philosopher who studies the nature of knowledge; N. epistemology 
epitaph  inscription in memory of a dead person (as on a tombstone) 
epithet  word or phrase characteristically used to describe a person or thing; descriptive phrase to characterize a person (often contemptous) 
epitome  perfect example or embodiment; brief summary; Ex. epitome of good manners; V. epitomize: make an epitome of; be an epitome of; embody 
epoch  period of time 
equable  tranquil; of even calm temper; (of temperature) steady; uniform 
equanimity  calmness of temperament; composure 
equestrian  rider on horseback; ADJ. 
equilibrium  balance of opposing forces; balance of the mind; equanimity 
equine  resembling a horse; Ex. equine face 
equinox  period of equal days and nights; the beginning of spring and autumn; Ex. vernal/autumnal equinox; ADJ. equinoctial 
equipoise  balance; balancing force; equilibrium 
equitable  fair; impartial; OP. inequitable 
equity  fairness; justice; OP. inequity 
equivocal  (of words or statements) ambiguous; intentionally misleading; (of behavior) questionable; OP. unequivocal 
equivocate  use equivocal language to deceive people; lie; mislead; attempt to conceal the truth; N. equivocation 
erode  eat away; wear away gradually by abrasion; Ex. The sea erodes the rocks. 
erotic  pertaining to passionate love or sexual love 
errant  wandering (esp. in search of adventure); straying from proper moral standards; Ex. knight-errant 
erratic  odd; irregular in movement or behavior; unpredictable 
erroneous  mistaken; wrong; incorrect 
erudite  (of a person or book) learned; full of learning; scholarly; N. erudition 
escapade  prank; flighty conduct; reckless adventure that disobeys rules 
eschew  avoid habitually; Ex. eschew alcoholic drinks 
esoteric  hard to understand; known only to the chosen few, esp. initiates; N. esoterica 
espionage  spying 
espouse  adopt; support (an idea or aim); marry; N. espousal 
esteem  respect; value; judge; N. 
estimable  (of a person) worthy of esteem; admirable; deserving esteem; possible to estimate 
estranged  separated; alienated; V. estrange: alienate (people in a family); N. estrangement 
ethereal  like a spirit or fairy; unearthly light; heavenly; unusually refined; Ex. She has an ethereal beauty; CF. ether: upper air 
ethnic  relating to races 
ethnology  study of humankind; study of the different races of human beings; CF. anthropology 
ethos  underlying character of a culture, group, etc.; character or ideas peculiar to a specific person, group, or culture; Ex. the company ethos 
etymology  study of word parts; study of the origins of words 
eugenic  pertaining to the improvement of race; N. eugenics: study of hereditary improvement of the human race 
eulogistic  praising; full of eulogy 
eulogy  expression of praise, often on the occasion of someone's death; V. eulogize 
euphemism  mild expression in place of an unpleasant one; ADJ. euphemistic 
euphony  sweet sound; ADJ. euphonious 
euphoria  feeling of exaggerated or unfounded(ungrounded; baseless) well-being; feeling of great happiness or well-being (when unreasonable); ADJ. euphoriaric 
euthanasia  mercy killing 
evanescent  fleeting; vanishing; soon disappearing; V. evanesce 
evasive  not frank; trying to hide the truth; eluding; evading; V. evade: avoid (a duty or responsibility) or escape from by deceit 
evenhanded  impartial; fair 
eventual  happening at last as a result; Ex. eventual victory 
evince  show clearly 
evocative  tending to call up (emotions, memories) 
evoke  call forth (memory or feeling); Ex. That old film evoked memories of my childhood; N. evocation 
ewe  female sheep 
exacerbate  worsen; aggravate; embitter 
exact  demand and obtain by force; Ex. exact a promise from him; N. exaction 
exacting  extremely demanding; Ex. exacting standard of safety 
exalt  raise in rank or dignity; praise highly; inspire; Ex. exalt the imagination; ADJ. exalted; N. exaltation 
exasperate  vex; annoy or make angry (by testing the patience) 
except  exclude; N. exception: objection; exclusion; ADJ. exceptional: unusual; of unusually high quality 
exceptionable  objectionable; likely to cause dislike; offensive; CF. unexceptionable: entirely acceptable 
excerpt  selected passage (written or musical) taken from a longer work; V. 
exchequer  treasury; Ex. Chancellor of the exchequer 
excise  cut away; cut out; N: government tax on good produced and used inside a country; N. excision 
exclaim  cry out suddenly; N. exclamation; ADJ. exclamatory 
excoriate  scold with biting harshness; censure strongly; strip the skin off 
exculpate  clear from blame or guilt 
execrable  very bad; detestable 
execrate  curse; express abhorrence for; detest 
execute  put into effect; carry out; kill as a lawful punishment; N. execution 
executioner  person administering capital punishment 
executive  person having administrative authority; one branch of government executing laws; ADJ: relating to executing 
executor  person designated to execute the terms of a will; 
exegesis  explanation, especially of biblical(of the bible) passages 
exemplary  serving as a model; outstanding; Ex. exemplary punishment/behavior; N. exemplar: typical example; model 
exemplify  show by example; furnish an example; serve as an example of; Ex. His pictures exemplify that sort of painting. 
exempt  not subject to a duty or obligation; free from a duty; V. 
exertion  effort; expenditure of much physical work; V. exert oneself: make a great effort 
exhale  breathe out; OP. inhale 
exhilarating  invigorating and refreshing; cheering; V. exhilarate: make cheerful and excited; Ex. exhilarated by the ride in the sports car 
exhort  urge (by strong argument or advice); Ex. The general exhorted his men to fight bravely; N. exhortation 
exhume  dig out of the ground; remove from a grave 
exigency  urgent situation; ADJ. exigent 
exiguous  small in amount; minute 
existential  pertaining to existence; pertaining to the philosophy of existentialism 
exodus  departure (of a large number of people) 
exonerate  acquit; exculpate; free from blame or guilt 
exorbitant  (of costs or demands) excessive; exceeding reasonable bounds 
exorcise  drive out evil spirits 
exotic  not native; from another part of the world; strange; intriguingly unusual; Ex. exotic flower/dress 
expansive  (of a person) outgoing and sociable; broad and extensive; able to increase in size 
expatiate  talk at length; speak or write in detail 
expatriate  exile; someone who has withdrawn from his native land; V: exile; banish; leave one's country 
expedient  suitable (for a particular purpose although not necessarily morally correct); practical; politic(prudent); N: something expedient 
expedite  hasten; make go faster 
expeditious  done with speed; quick; N. expedition 
expenditure  payment or expense; expending; something expended; output; Ex. receipt for the expenditure; Ex. expenditure of all the energy 
expertise  specialized knowledge (in a particular field); expert skill 
expiate  make amends for (a sin) 
expletive  meaningless word; interjection; profane oath; swear-word 
explicate  explain in detail; interpret; clarify; CF. explicable 
explicit  totally clear; definite; outspoken 
exploit  make use of, sometimes unjustly; N. exploitation 
expos\'e  public revelation of something discreditable 
expository  explanatory; serving to explain; N. exposition: explaining; exhibition 
expostulation  protest; remonstrance; reasoning with someone to correct or dissuade; V. expostulate 
exposure  risk, particularly of being exposed to disease or to the elements; unmasking; act of laying something open; Ex. exposure of governmental corruption 
expound  explain 
expropriate  take possession of (often for public use and without payment) 
expunge  cancel; remove a word or name (from a book or list); erase 
expurgate  clean; remove offensive parts of a book 
exquisite  delicate; very finely made; extremely beautiful; Ex. exquisite piece of jewelry 
extant  (of something written or painted) still in existence 
extemporaneous  not planned; impromptu; extempore 
extenuate  weaken; mitigate; lessen the seriousness of (bad behavior) 
extirpate  root up; uproot; destroy completely 
extol  praise very highly; glorify 
extort  wring from; get money by threats, etc.; obtain by force or threats; CF. extortionate: exorbitant 
extradition  surrender of prisoner by one state to another; Ex. extradition treaty; V. extradite 
extraneous  not essential; irrelevant; superfluous; external; coming from the outside; Ex. extraneous details/noise/to the subject 
extrapolation  projection; conjecture; V. extrapolate: infer (unknown information) from known information 
extricate  free from an entanglement or difficulty; disentangle 
extrinsic  external; not essential or inherent; extraneous; OP. intrinsic 
extrovert  person interested mostly in external objects and actions 
extrude  force or push out; thrust out; shape (plastic or metal) by forcing through a die 
exuberance  overflowing abundance; joyful enthusiasm; flamboyance; lavishness; ADJ. exuberant: high-spirited and lively; growing abundantly and strongly 
exude  flow out slowly; discharge (gradually); give forth; N. exudation 
exult  rejoice 
fabricate  build; lie; make up (a story) in order to deceive; Ex. fabricate the whole story; CF. fabric: underlying structure; Ex. fabric of society 
facade(fa\c{c}ade) front or face (of building); superficial or false appearance 
facet  small plane surface (of a gem(precious stone)); a side 
facetious  joking (often inappropriately); unserious; humorous 
facile  easily accomplished; ready or fluent; superficial; not deep; Ex. facile solution to a complex problem; Ex. facile speaker; N. facility: ability to do something easily and well; ease in doing resulting from skill or aptitude; something that facil 
facilitate  help bring about; make less difficult 
facsimile  copy 
faction  party; clique (within a large group); dissension 
factious  inclined to form factions; causing dissension 
factitious  artificial; produced artificially; sham; false; Ex. factitious tears 
factotum  handyman; person who does all kinds of work; CF. do everything 
faculty  mental or bodily powers; teaching staff 
fake  not genuine; N: one that is not genuine; impostor; sham; V: counterfeit; Ex. fake the results of the experiment/the signature 
fallacious  false; based on a fallacy; misleading; N. fallacy: false idea or notion; false reasoning; Ex. popular fallacy; Ex. fallacy of the argument 
fallible  liable to err 
fallow  (of land) plowed but not sowed (to improve the quality); uncultivated 
falsify  make (something written) false by changing 
falter  hesitate; weaken in purpose or action; walk or move unsteadily through weakness; N. 
fanaticism  excessive zeal; extreme devotion to a belief or cause; N. fanatic; ADJ. fanatic 
fancied  imagined; unreal 
fancier  breeder or dealer of animals; one who has a special interest, as for raising specific plant or animal 
fanciful  whimsical; visionary; imaginary; produced by imagination; Ex. fanciful scheme 
fancy  imagination (of a whimsical or fantastic nature); capricious liking; V: imagine; be fond of; ADJ. decorative; elaborate 
fanfare  call by bugles or trumpets; showy display; spectacular public display 
farce  broad comedy; mockery; humorous play full of silly things happening; ADJ. farcical 
far-fetched  too improbable to be believed; implausible; Ex. far-fetched story 
fashion  give shape to; make; Ex. fashion the pot out of clay 
fastidious  difficult to please; squeamish; fussy; finicky 
fatalism  belief that events are determined by forces or fates beyond one's control; ADJ. fatalistic; CF. fatal: causing death 
fathom  comprehend; investigate; determine the depth of; N. unit of measurement for the depth of water 
fathomless  too deep to be measured or understood; unfathomable 
fatuous  smugly and unconsciously foolish; inane; silly; N. fatuity, fatuousness 
fauna  animals of a period or region; CF. flora 
favoritism  display of partiality toward a favored person 
fawning  courting favor by cringing and flattering; V. fawn: exhibit affection as a dog; seek favor or attention by obsequiousness 
faze  disconcert; dismay; embarrass 
feasible  practical; able to be carried out; practicable 
feature  distinctive part of the faces (as the eyes or mouth); features: overall appearance of the face; prominent or distinctive quality; prominent article; film; V: make prominent 
febrile  feverish 
fecundity  fertility; fruitfulness; ADJ. fecund: very productive of crops or young 
feebleminded  deficient in intelligence; very stupid 
feign  pretend 
feint  trick; shift; sham blow; feigned attack to draw away defensive action; V. 
felicitous  (of a word or remark) apt; suitably expressed; well chosen 
felicity  happiness; appropriateness (of a remark, choice, etc.); quality of being felicitous 
feline  of a member of the cat family; N. 
fell  cut or knock down (a tree or a person); bring down (with a missile) 
felon  person convicted of a grave crime; CF. felony: serious crime 
feral  (of an animal) not domestic; wild 
ferment  agitation; commotion(noisy and excited activity); unrest (of a political kind); V. produce by fermentation; undergo fermentation; cause (a state of trouble) 
fermentation  chemical reaction that splits complex organic compounds; unrest; agitation 
ferocious  fierce; violent; N. ferocity 
ferret  drive or hunt out of hiding; hunt with ferrets; drive out (as from a hiding place); expel; uncover or discover by searching; Ex. ferret out the secret; N. small fierce animal which catches rats and rabbits by going into their holes 
fertile  producing many young, fruits, or seeds; (of land) producing good crops; V. fertilize 
fervent  ardent; zealous; hot 
fervid  ardent; zealous; hot 
fervor  glowing ardor; intensity of feeling; quality of being fervent or fervid; zeal; intense heat 
fester  rankle; produce irritation or resentment; (of a cut or wound) generate pus or rot; Ex. His insult festered in my mind for days. 
festive  joyous; celebratory; relating to a feast or festival 
fete(f\^ete)  honor at a festival; celebrate or honor with a feast; N. (outdoor) festival or feast; CF. feast 
fetid(foetid)  malodorous; foul 
fetish(fetich)  object believed to have spiritual powers; object of excessive attention or reverence; CF. fetishism 
fetter  shackle; restrict the freedom of; N. chain or shackle for the foot of a prisoner; CF. foot 
feud  bitter prolonged quarrel (usually between two peoples or families); V. CF. Romeo and Juliet; CF. feudal, feudalism 
fiasco  total failure; CF. bottle 
fiat  command; arbitrary order; Ex. presidential fiat; CF. let it be done 
fickle  changeable (in affections or friendship); faithless 
fictitious  imaginary; non-existent; purposely invented to deceive; untrue; Ex. fictitious name/boyfriend; CF. fictional 
fidelity  loyalty; accuracy 
fiend  evil spirit; devil 
figment  invention; something invented; imaginary thing; Ex. figment of your imagination 
figurative  not literal but metaphorical; using a figure(impression) of speech 
figure  written symbols; number; amount represented in numbers; outline or silhouette of a thing or human body; person (well-known); impression; diagram; pattern; group in a dance; Ex. figure of speech; V. calculate with numbers; adorn with figures; app 
figurine  small ornamental statuette(very small statue) 
filch  steal (things of small value) 
filial  pertaining to or befitting a son or daughter; Ex. filial respect 
filibuster  block legislation or prevent action in a lawmaking body by making very slow long speeches; N; freebooter 
filigree  delicate ornamenta